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Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review

Converging research indicates that household food insecurity impedes children from reaching their full physical, cognitive, and psychosocial potential. This state-of-the-art review examines the last decade of research to: (1) describe the impact of the severity and persistence of food insecurity on...

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Autores principales: Gallegos, Danielle, Eivers, Areana, Sondergeld, Peter, Pattinson, Cassandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501578
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178990
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author Gallegos, Danielle
Eivers, Areana
Sondergeld, Peter
Pattinson, Cassandra
author_facet Gallegos, Danielle
Eivers, Areana
Sondergeld, Peter
Pattinson, Cassandra
author_sort Gallegos, Danielle
collection PubMed
description Converging research indicates that household food insecurity impedes children from reaching their full physical, cognitive, and psychosocial potential. This state-of-the-art review examines the last decade of research to: (1) describe the impact of the severity and persistence of food insecurity on child development; (2) use a socio-ecological framework to examine significant proximal and distal factors which may interplay; and (3) outline directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of six databases of published papers from 2011 to June 2021. The search was limited to high-income countries and children aged from birth to 12 years. From 17,457 papers, 17 studies were included in the final review. Transitioning between food security and food insecurity had a significant and lasting effect on academic/cognitive function and behavior (i.e., externalizing), however less clear relationships were seen for psychosocial outcomes and other behaviors examined (i.e., internalizing). There was significant variation in the measurement and thresholds used to define both food insecurity and child development outcomes. Subsequently, comparisons across studies are difficult. Several future recommendations, including incorporation of socio-ecological factors, is provided. In conclusion, this review supports the link between food insecurity and sub-optimal child development; however, there is an imperative to improve and extend current understanding to ameliorate the causes of food insecurity.
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spelling pubmed-84316392021-09-11 Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review Gallegos, Danielle Eivers, Areana Sondergeld, Peter Pattinson, Cassandra Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Converging research indicates that household food insecurity impedes children from reaching their full physical, cognitive, and psychosocial potential. This state-of-the-art review examines the last decade of research to: (1) describe the impact of the severity and persistence of food insecurity on child development; (2) use a socio-ecological framework to examine significant proximal and distal factors which may interplay; and (3) outline directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of six databases of published papers from 2011 to June 2021. The search was limited to high-income countries and children aged from birth to 12 years. From 17,457 papers, 17 studies were included in the final review. Transitioning between food security and food insecurity had a significant and lasting effect on academic/cognitive function and behavior (i.e., externalizing), however less clear relationships were seen for psychosocial outcomes and other behaviors examined (i.e., internalizing). There was significant variation in the measurement and thresholds used to define both food insecurity and child development outcomes. Subsequently, comparisons across studies are difficult. Several future recommendations, including incorporation of socio-ecological factors, is provided. In conclusion, this review supports the link between food insecurity and sub-optimal child development; however, there is an imperative to improve and extend current understanding to ameliorate the causes of food insecurity. MDPI 2021-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8431639/ /pubmed/34501578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178990 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gallegos, Danielle
Eivers, Areana
Sondergeld, Peter
Pattinson, Cassandra
Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_full Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_fullStr Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_full_unstemmed Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_short Food Insecurity and Child Development: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_sort food insecurity and child development: a state-of-the-art review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431639/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501578
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178990
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