Cargando…
Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity
Objective: Smoking status does not indicate the amount or length of tobacco use, and thus, it is an imperfect measure to assess the association between cigarette smoking and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. This investigation assessed whether cigarette smoking status, intensity o...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501529 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178939 |
_version_ | 1783750994232868864 |
---|---|
author | Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda Mendy, Angelico Merianos, Ashley L. |
author_facet | Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda Mendy, Angelico Merianos, Ashley L. |
author_sort | Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objective: Smoking status does not indicate the amount or length of tobacco use, and thus, it is an imperfect measure to assess the association between cigarette smoking and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. This investigation assessed whether cigarette smoking status, intensity of smoking (i.e., average daily packs of cigarettes smoked), duration of smoking, and pack-years of smoking are associated with severe outcomes among adults diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study in which we identified consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the University of Cincinnati healthcare system between 13 March 2020 and 30 September 2020 who had complete information on smoking status, severe COVID-19 outcomes, and covariates (i.e., demographics and comorbidities). We used logistic regression to evaluate the associations of smoking status and intensity of smoking with COVID-19 severity, defined as hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), or death, adjusting for sociodemographics and comorbidities. Results: Among the 4611 COVID-19 patients included in the analysis, 18.2% were current smokers and 20.7% were former smokers. The prevalence of COVID-19 outcomes was 28.9% for hospitalization, 9.8% for ICU admission, and 1.4% for death. In the adjusted analysis, current smoking (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02–1.49), former smoking (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.54), and pack-years of smoking (AOR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17) were associated with a higher prevalence of hospitalization. Average daily packs of cigarettes smoked was associated with a higher prevalence of hospitalization (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10–1.53) and ICU admission (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04–1.44). Conclusions: Smoking status, pack-years, and intensity of smoking were associated with hospitalizations in patients with COVID-19 and intensity of smoking was associated with ICU admission. The findings underscore the need for detailed information beyond smoking status when evaluating smokers with COVID-19 so that the potential for adverse sequelae may be optimally managed in at-risk patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8431679 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84316792021-09-11 Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda Mendy, Angelico Merianos, Ashley L. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objective: Smoking status does not indicate the amount or length of tobacco use, and thus, it is an imperfect measure to assess the association between cigarette smoking and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. This investigation assessed whether cigarette smoking status, intensity of smoking (i.e., average daily packs of cigarettes smoked), duration of smoking, and pack-years of smoking are associated with severe outcomes among adults diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study in which we identified consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the University of Cincinnati healthcare system between 13 March 2020 and 30 September 2020 who had complete information on smoking status, severe COVID-19 outcomes, and covariates (i.e., demographics and comorbidities). We used logistic regression to evaluate the associations of smoking status and intensity of smoking with COVID-19 severity, defined as hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), or death, adjusting for sociodemographics and comorbidities. Results: Among the 4611 COVID-19 patients included in the analysis, 18.2% were current smokers and 20.7% were former smokers. The prevalence of COVID-19 outcomes was 28.9% for hospitalization, 9.8% for ICU admission, and 1.4% for death. In the adjusted analysis, current smoking (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02–1.49), former smoking (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.54), and pack-years of smoking (AOR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17) were associated with a higher prevalence of hospitalization. Average daily packs of cigarettes smoked was associated with a higher prevalence of hospitalization (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10–1.53) and ICU admission (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04–1.44). Conclusions: Smoking status, pack-years, and intensity of smoking were associated with hospitalizations in patients with COVID-19 and intensity of smoking was associated with ICU admission. The findings underscore the need for detailed information beyond smoking status when evaluating smokers with COVID-19 so that the potential for adverse sequelae may be optimally managed in at-risk patients. MDPI 2021-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8431679/ /pubmed/34501529 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178939 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda Mendy, Angelico Merianos, Ashley L. Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title | Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title_full | Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title_fullStr | Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title_short | Assessment of Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Using Measures of Smoking Status and Smoking Intensity |
title_sort | assessment of severe covid-19 outcomes using measures of smoking status and smoking intensity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431679/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501529 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178939 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mahabeegittensemelinda assessmentofseverecovid19outcomesusingmeasuresofsmokingstatusandsmokingintensity AT mendyangelico assessmentofseverecovid19outcomesusingmeasuresofsmokingstatusandsmokingintensity AT merianosashleyl assessmentofseverecovid19outcomesusingmeasuresofsmokingstatusandsmokingintensity |