Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate by Transesterification of Propylene Carbonate with Methanol on CeO(2)-La(2)O(3) Oxides Prepared by the Soft Template Method

In this study, CeO(2), La(2)O(3), and CeO(2)-La(2)O(3) mixed oxide catalysts with different Ce/La molar ratios were prepared by the soft template method and characterized by different techniques, including inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, N(2) physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. NH(3) and CO(2) adsorption microcalorimetry was also used for assessing the acid and base surface properties, respectively. The behavior of the oxides as catalysts for the dimethyl carbonate synthesis by the transesterification of propylene carbonate with methanol, at 160 °C under autogenic pressure, was studied in a stainless-steel batch reactor. The activity of the catalysts was found to increase with an increase in the basic sites density. The formation of dimethyl carbonate was favored on medium-strength and weak basic sites, while it underwent decomposition on the strong ones. Several parasitic reactions occurred during the transformation of propylene carbonate, depending on the basic and acidic features of the catalysts. A reaction pathway has been proposed on the basis of the components identified in the reaction mixture.