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Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (ATRH) is closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the long-term outcomes and the effects of improvement in ATRH in patients with CKD are not well understood. We evaluated the relationship between the persistence of ATRH and the progression...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8432533/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173998 |
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author | Song, Su-Hyun Kim, Young-Jin Choi, Hong-Sang Kim, Chang-Seong Bae, Eun-Hui Ahn, Curie Oh, Kook-Hwan Park, Sue-Kyung Lee, Kyu-Beck Sung, Suah Han, Seung-Hyeok Ma, Seong-Kwon Kim, Soo-Wan |
author_facet | Song, Su-Hyun Kim, Young-Jin Choi, Hong-Sang Kim, Chang-Seong Bae, Eun-Hui Ahn, Curie Oh, Kook-Hwan Park, Sue-Kyung Lee, Kyu-Beck Sung, Suah Han, Seung-Hyeok Ma, Seong-Kwon Kim, Soo-Wan |
author_sort | Song, Su-Hyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (ATRH) is closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the long-term outcomes and the effects of improvement in ATRH in patients with CKD are not well understood. We evaluated the relationship between the persistence of ATRH and the progression of CKD. This cohort study enrolled 1921 patients with CKD. ATRH was defined as blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg and intake of three different types of antihypertensive agents, including diuretics, or intake of four or more different types of antihypertensive agents, regardless of blood pressure. We defined ATRH subgroups according to the ATRH status at the index year and two years later. The prevalence of ATRH at baseline was 14.0%. The presence of ATRH at both time points was an independent risk factor for end-point renal outcome (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04–1.92; p = 0.027). On the other hand, the presence of ATRH at any one of the time points was not statistically significant. In conclusion, persistent ATRH is more important for the prognosis of renal disease than the initial ATRH status. Continuous follow-up and appropriate treatment are important to improve the renal outcomes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8432533 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84325332021-09-11 Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study Song, Su-Hyun Kim, Young-Jin Choi, Hong-Sang Kim, Chang-Seong Bae, Eun-Hui Ahn, Curie Oh, Kook-Hwan Park, Sue-Kyung Lee, Kyu-Beck Sung, Suah Han, Seung-Hyeok Ma, Seong-Kwon Kim, Soo-Wan J Clin Med Article Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (ATRH) is closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the long-term outcomes and the effects of improvement in ATRH in patients with CKD are not well understood. We evaluated the relationship between the persistence of ATRH and the progression of CKD. This cohort study enrolled 1921 patients with CKD. ATRH was defined as blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg and intake of three different types of antihypertensive agents, including diuretics, or intake of four or more different types of antihypertensive agents, regardless of blood pressure. We defined ATRH subgroups according to the ATRH status at the index year and two years later. The prevalence of ATRH at baseline was 14.0%. The presence of ATRH at both time points was an independent risk factor for end-point renal outcome (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04–1.92; p = 0.027). On the other hand, the presence of ATRH at any one of the time points was not statistically significant. In conclusion, persistent ATRH is more important for the prognosis of renal disease than the initial ATRH status. Continuous follow-up and appropriate treatment are important to improve the renal outcomes. MDPI 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8432533/ /pubmed/34501446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173998 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Song, Su-Hyun Kim, Young-Jin Choi, Hong-Sang Kim, Chang-Seong Bae, Eun-Hui Ahn, Curie Oh, Kook-Hwan Park, Sue-Kyung Lee, Kyu-Beck Sung, Suah Han, Seung-Hyeok Ma, Seong-Kwon Kim, Soo-Wan Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title | Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title_full | Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title_fullStr | Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title_short | Persistent Resistant Hypertension Has Worse Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease than that Resolved in Two Years: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study |
title_sort | persistent resistant hypertension has worse renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease than that resolved in two years: results from the know-ckd study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8432533/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173998 |
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