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Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer

Raw lacquer (RL) is a natural polymer compound with highly promising applications; however, its inflammable attribute restricts the industrial applications. In this study, melamine is used to formulate tri (1-melamine-2-propanol) phosphate (FR-1), after which it is synthesized with ammonium phosphat...

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Autores principales: Shiu, Bing-Chiuan, Wu, Kunlin, Lou, Ching-Wen, Lin, Qi, Lin, Jia-Horng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8433844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502898
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172858
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author Shiu, Bing-Chiuan
Wu, Kunlin
Lou, Ching-Wen
Lin, Qi
Lin, Jia-Horng
author_facet Shiu, Bing-Chiuan
Wu, Kunlin
Lou, Ching-Wen
Lin, Qi
Lin, Jia-Horng
author_sort Shiu, Bing-Chiuan
collection PubMed
description Raw lacquer (RL) is a natural polymer compound with highly promising applications; however, its inflammable attribute restricts the industrial applications. In this study, melamine is used to formulate tri (1-melamine-2-propanol) phosphate (FR-1), after which it is synthesized with ammonium phosphate (FR-2) and diatomite to form a compound phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant (IFR). Next, IFR is used as the filling agent that then cross-links with RL, and as such RL/IFR membranes are formed after the curing. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurement, the vertical combustion test (UL-94), the microshape calorimetric analysis (CCT), and the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) are conducted to examine the combustion resistance and thermal stability of the membranes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron scanning microscope (SEM) are performed to separately characterize the structure and compatibility; the mechanical properties of the membranes are also evaluated. The vertical combustion test results confirm that with 30 wt% of IFR, RL/IFR membranes acquire 12.3% higher LOI and a vertically combustion of V-0 level. The TGA indicates that RL/IFR membranes demonstrate a greater adhesion level, a higher rigidity, and better luster than pure RL membranes.
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spelling pubmed-84338442021-09-12 Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer Shiu, Bing-Chiuan Wu, Kunlin Lou, Ching-Wen Lin, Qi Lin, Jia-Horng Polymers (Basel) Article Raw lacquer (RL) is a natural polymer compound with highly promising applications; however, its inflammable attribute restricts the industrial applications. In this study, melamine is used to formulate tri (1-melamine-2-propanol) phosphate (FR-1), after which it is synthesized with ammonium phosphate (FR-2) and diatomite to form a compound phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant (IFR). Next, IFR is used as the filling agent that then cross-links with RL, and as such RL/IFR membranes are formed after the curing. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurement, the vertical combustion test (UL-94), the microshape calorimetric analysis (CCT), and the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) are conducted to examine the combustion resistance and thermal stability of the membranes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron scanning microscope (SEM) are performed to separately characterize the structure and compatibility; the mechanical properties of the membranes are also evaluated. The vertical combustion test results confirm that with 30 wt% of IFR, RL/IFR membranes acquire 12.3% higher LOI and a vertically combustion of V-0 level. The TGA indicates that RL/IFR membranes demonstrate a greater adhesion level, a higher rigidity, and better luster than pure RL membranes. MDPI 2021-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8433844/ /pubmed/34502898 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172858 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shiu, Bing-Chiuan
Wu, Kunlin
Lou, Ching-Wen
Lin, Qi
Lin, Jia-Horng
Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title_full Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title_fullStr Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title_short Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer
title_sort synthesis of a compound phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant for applications to raw lacquer
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8433844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502898
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172858
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