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Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive

The influence of arsenazo-I additive on electrochemical anodizing of pure aluminum foil in malonic acid was studied. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing arsenazo-I concentration. The addition of arsenazo-I also led to an increase in the volume expansion factor up to 2.3 due to the incorpo...

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Autores principales: Poznyak, Alexander, Knörnschild, Gerhard, Karoza, Anatoly, Norek, Małgorzata, Pligovka, Andrei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8433957/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14175118
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author Poznyak, Alexander
Knörnschild, Gerhard
Karoza, Anatoly
Norek, Małgorzata
Pligovka, Andrei
author_facet Poznyak, Alexander
Knörnschild, Gerhard
Karoza, Anatoly
Norek, Małgorzata
Pligovka, Andrei
author_sort Poznyak, Alexander
collection PubMed
description The influence of arsenazo-I additive on electrochemical anodizing of pure aluminum foil in malonic acid was studied. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing arsenazo-I concentration. The addition of arsenazo-I also led to an increase in the volume expansion factor up to 2.3 due to the incorporation of organic compounds and an increased number of hydroxyl groups in the porous aluminum oxide film. At a current density of 15 mA·cm(−2) and an arsenazo-I concentration 3.5 g·L(−1), the carbon content in the anodic alumina of 49 at. % was achieved. An increase in the current density and concentration of arsenazo-I caused the formation of an arsenic-containing compound with the formula Na(1,5)Al(2)(OH)(4,5)(AsO(4))(3)·7H(2)O in the porous aluminum oxide film phase. These film modifications cause a higher number of defects and, thus, increase the ionic conductivity, leading to a reduced electric field in galvanostatic anodizing tests. A self-adjusting growth mechanism, which leads to a higher degree of self-ordering in the arsenazo-free electrolyte, is not operative under the same conditions when arsenazo-I is added. Instead, a dielectric breakdown mechanism was observed, which caused the disordered porous aluminum oxide film structure.
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spelling pubmed-84339572021-09-12 Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive Poznyak, Alexander Knörnschild, Gerhard Karoza, Anatoly Norek, Małgorzata Pligovka, Andrei Materials (Basel) Article The influence of arsenazo-I additive on electrochemical anodizing of pure aluminum foil in malonic acid was studied. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing arsenazo-I concentration. The addition of arsenazo-I also led to an increase in the volume expansion factor up to 2.3 due to the incorporation of organic compounds and an increased number of hydroxyl groups in the porous aluminum oxide film. At a current density of 15 mA·cm(−2) and an arsenazo-I concentration 3.5 g·L(−1), the carbon content in the anodic alumina of 49 at. % was achieved. An increase in the current density and concentration of arsenazo-I caused the formation of an arsenic-containing compound with the formula Na(1,5)Al(2)(OH)(4,5)(AsO(4))(3)·7H(2)O in the porous aluminum oxide film phase. These film modifications cause a higher number of defects and, thus, increase the ionic conductivity, leading to a reduced electric field in galvanostatic anodizing tests. A self-adjusting growth mechanism, which leads to a higher degree of self-ordering in the arsenazo-free electrolyte, is not operative under the same conditions when arsenazo-I is added. Instead, a dielectric breakdown mechanism was observed, which caused the disordered porous aluminum oxide film structure. MDPI 2021-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8433957/ /pubmed/34501208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14175118 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Poznyak, Alexander
Knörnschild, Gerhard
Karoza, Anatoly
Norek, Małgorzata
Pligovka, Andrei
Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title_full Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title_fullStr Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title_full_unstemmed Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title_short Peculiar Porous Aluminum Oxide Films Produced via Electrochemical Anodizing in Malonic Acid Solution with Arsenazo-I Additive
title_sort peculiar porous aluminum oxide films produced via electrochemical anodizing in malonic acid solution with arsenazo-i additive
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8433957/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501208
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14175118
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