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Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434594/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984 |
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author | Stelmachowski, Paweł Duch, Joanna Sebastián, David Lázaro, María Jesús Kotarba, Andrzej |
author_facet | Stelmachowski, Paweł Duch, Joanna Sebastián, David Lázaro, María Jesús Kotarba, Andrzej |
author_sort | Stelmachowski, Paweł |
collection | PubMed |
description | This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon–metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8434594 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84345942021-09-12 Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media Stelmachowski, Paweł Duch, Joanna Sebastián, David Lázaro, María Jesús Kotarba, Andrzej Materials (Basel) Review This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon–metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented. MDPI 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8434594/ /pubmed/34501072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Stelmachowski, Paweł Duch, Joanna Sebastián, David Lázaro, María Jesús Kotarba, Andrzej Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title | Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title_full | Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title_fullStr | Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title_full_unstemmed | Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title_short | Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media |
title_sort | carbon-based composites as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434594/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984 |
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