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Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media

This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as...

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Autores principales: Stelmachowski, Paweł, Duch, Joanna, Sebastián, David, Lázaro, María Jesús, Kotarba, Andrzej
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434594/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501072
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984
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author Stelmachowski, Paweł
Duch, Joanna
Sebastián, David
Lázaro, María Jesús
Kotarba, Andrzej
author_facet Stelmachowski, Paweł
Duch, Joanna
Sebastián, David
Lázaro, María Jesús
Kotarba, Andrzej
author_sort Stelmachowski, Paweł
collection PubMed
description This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon–metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented.
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spelling pubmed-84345942021-09-12 Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media Stelmachowski, Paweł Duch, Joanna Sebastián, David Lázaro, María Jesús Kotarba, Andrzej Materials (Basel) Review This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon–metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented. MDPI 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8434594/ /pubmed/34501072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Stelmachowski, Paweł
Duch, Joanna
Sebastián, David
Lázaro, María Jesús
Kotarba, Andrzej
Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title_full Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title_fullStr Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title_full_unstemmed Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title_short Carbon-Based Composites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
title_sort carbon-based composites as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434594/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501072
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174984
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