A comparison of methods of discontinuing nasal CPAP in premature infants <30 weeks gestation: a feasibility study

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether abrupt discontinuation vs gradual wean of nasal CPAP (NCPAP) in infants <30 weeks gestation results in a decreased duration of NCPAP therapy. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a single-center, randomized control trial of premature infants born <30 weeks gestation (n = 66), comparing discontinuation of NCPAP from 6 cmH(2)O (CWP) (fast wean arm) to discontinuation at 4 CWP, weaning by 1 CWP per day (slow wean arm). The primary outcome was the total number of days on NCPAP or mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes included wean failure, growth, length of stay, and related comorbidities. RESULTS: Duration of NCPAP or mechanical ventilation was longer in the slow wean arm compared to the fast wean arm (17 vs 12 days, p = 0.03). There were no differences observed in secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION: In weaning NCPAP, abrupt discontinuation may be associated with a shorter duration of positive pressure respiratory support compared to a gradual weaning strategy.