The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study

Tetanus arises from wound contamination with Clostridium tetani, but approximately one fifth of patients have no discernable entry wound. Clostridium tetani is culturable from animal feces, suggesting the gastrointestinal tract could be an endogenous reservoir or direct-entry portal, but human data...

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Autores principales: Hao, Nguyen Van, Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc My, Ny, Nguyen Thi Han, Trang, Vo Thi Nhu, Hoang, Nguyen Van Minh, Thuy, Duong Bich, Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh, Lieu, Pham Thi, Duong, Ha Thi Hai, Thuy, Tran Thi Diem, Nhat, Phung Tran Huy, Tam, Dong Thi Hoai, Boni, Maciej F., Yen, Lam Minh, Tan, Le Van, Thanh, Tran Tan, Campbell, James, Thwaites, C. Louise
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8437200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34181568
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0146
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author Hao, Nguyen Van
Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc My
Ny, Nguyen Thi Han
Trang, Vo Thi Nhu
Hoang, Nguyen Van Minh
Thuy, Duong Bich
Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh
Lieu, Pham Thi
Duong, Ha Thi Hai
Thuy, Tran Thi Diem
Nhat, Phung Tran Huy
Tam, Dong Thi Hoai
Boni, Maciej F.
Yen, Lam Minh
Tan, Le Van
Thanh, Tran Tan
Campbell, James
Thwaites, C. Louise
author_facet Hao, Nguyen Van
Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc My
Ny, Nguyen Thi Han
Trang, Vo Thi Nhu
Hoang, Nguyen Van Minh
Thuy, Duong Bich
Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh
Lieu, Pham Thi
Duong, Ha Thi Hai
Thuy, Tran Thi Diem
Nhat, Phung Tran Huy
Tam, Dong Thi Hoai
Boni, Maciej F.
Yen, Lam Minh
Tan, Le Van
Thanh, Tran Tan
Campbell, James
Thwaites, C. Louise
author_sort Hao, Nguyen Van
collection PubMed
description Tetanus arises from wound contamination with Clostridium tetani, but approximately one fifth of patients have no discernable entry wound. Clostridium tetani is culturable from animal feces, suggesting the gastrointestinal tract could be an endogenous reservoir or direct-entry portal, but human data are lacking. In this study of 101 Vietnamese adults with tetanus and 29 hospitalized control subjects, admission stool samples were cultured for C. tetani. Anti-tetanus toxin antibodies were measured by ELISA. Clostridium tetani toxigenicity was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Toxigenic C. tetani was cultured from stool samples in 50 of 100 (50%) tetanus cases and 12 of 28 (42.9%) control subjects (P = 0.50), and stool samples of 44 of 85 (52.4%) tetanus cases with clinically identified wounds compared with 6 of 15 (47.6%) patients without clinically identified wounds (P = 0.28). Nine of 12 (75%) control subjects with toxigenic C. tetani in their stool samples lacked protective antibody concentrations. These findings fail to show evidence of an association between gastrointestinal C. tetani and tetanus infection, but emphasize the importance of increasing vaccination coverage.
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spelling pubmed-84372002021-09-17 The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study Hao, Nguyen Van Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc My Ny, Nguyen Thi Han Trang, Vo Thi Nhu Hoang, Nguyen Van Minh Thuy, Duong Bich Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh Lieu, Pham Thi Duong, Ha Thi Hai Thuy, Tran Thi Diem Nhat, Phung Tran Huy Tam, Dong Thi Hoai Boni, Maciej F. Yen, Lam Minh Tan, Le Van Thanh, Tran Tan Campbell, James Thwaites, C. Louise Am J Trop Med Hyg Short Report Tetanus arises from wound contamination with Clostridium tetani, but approximately one fifth of patients have no discernable entry wound. Clostridium tetani is culturable from animal feces, suggesting the gastrointestinal tract could be an endogenous reservoir or direct-entry portal, but human data are lacking. In this study of 101 Vietnamese adults with tetanus and 29 hospitalized control subjects, admission stool samples were cultured for C. tetani. Anti-tetanus toxin antibodies were measured by ELISA. Clostridium tetani toxigenicity was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Toxigenic C. tetani was cultured from stool samples in 50 of 100 (50%) tetanus cases and 12 of 28 (42.9%) control subjects (P = 0.50), and stool samples of 44 of 85 (52.4%) tetanus cases with clinically identified wounds compared with 6 of 15 (47.6%) patients without clinically identified wounds (P = 0.28). Nine of 12 (75%) control subjects with toxigenic C. tetani in their stool samples lacked protective antibody concentrations. These findings fail to show evidence of an association between gastrointestinal C. tetani and tetanus infection, but emphasize the importance of increasing vaccination coverage. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2021-08 2021-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8437200/ /pubmed/34181568 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0146 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Short Report
Hao, Nguyen Van
Huyen, Nguyen Ngoc My
Ny, Nguyen Thi Han
Trang, Vo Thi Nhu
Hoang, Nguyen Van Minh
Thuy, Duong Bich
Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh
Lieu, Pham Thi
Duong, Ha Thi Hai
Thuy, Tran Thi Diem
Nhat, Phung Tran Huy
Tam, Dong Thi Hoai
Boni, Maciej F.
Yen, Lam Minh
Tan, Le Van
Thanh, Tran Tan
Campbell, James
Thwaites, C. Louise
The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title_full The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title_fullStr The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title_full_unstemmed The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title_short The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study
title_sort role of the gastrointestinal tract in toxigenic clostridium tetani infection: a case-control study
topic Short Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8437200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34181568
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0146
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