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1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile
A cellular automaton constructed by Bak, Tang, and Wiesenfeld (BTW) in 1987 to explain the 1/f noise was recognized by the community for the theoretical foundations of self-organized criticality (SOC). Their conceptual work gave rise to various scientific areas in statistical physics, mathematics, a...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8437969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34518613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97592-x |
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author | Shapoval, Alexander Shapoval, Boris Shnirman, Mikhail |
author_facet | Shapoval, Alexander Shapoval, Boris Shnirman, Mikhail |
author_sort | Shapoval, Alexander |
collection | PubMed |
description | A cellular automaton constructed by Bak, Tang, and Wiesenfeld (BTW) in 1987 to explain the 1/f noise was recognized by the community for the theoretical foundations of self-organized criticality (SOC). Their conceptual work gave rise to various scientific areas in statistical physics, mathematics, and applied fields. The BTW core principles are based on steady slow loading and an instant huge stress-release. Advanced models, extensively developed far beyond the foundations for 34 years to successfully explain SOC in real-life processes, still failed to generate truncated 1/x probability distributions. This is done here through returning to the original BTW model and establishing its larger potential than the state-of-the-art expects. We establish that clustering of the events in space and time together with the core principles revealed by BTW lead to approximately 1/x power-law in the size-frequency distribution of model events. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8437969 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84379692021-09-15 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile Shapoval, Alexander Shapoval, Boris Shnirman, Mikhail Sci Rep Article A cellular automaton constructed by Bak, Tang, and Wiesenfeld (BTW) in 1987 to explain the 1/f noise was recognized by the community for the theoretical foundations of self-organized criticality (SOC). Their conceptual work gave rise to various scientific areas in statistical physics, mathematics, and applied fields. The BTW core principles are based on steady slow loading and an instant huge stress-release. Advanced models, extensively developed far beyond the foundations for 34 years to successfully explain SOC in real-life processes, still failed to generate truncated 1/x probability distributions. This is done here through returning to the original BTW model and establishing its larger potential than the state-of-the-art expects. We establish that clustering of the events in space and time together with the core principles revealed by BTW lead to approximately 1/x power-law in the size-frequency distribution of model events. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8437969/ /pubmed/34518613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97592-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Shapoval, Alexander Shapoval, Boris Shnirman, Mikhail 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title_full | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title_fullStr | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title_full_unstemmed | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title_short | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile |
title_sort | 1/x power-law in a close proximity of the bak–tang–wiesenfeld sandpile |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8437969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34518613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97592-x |
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