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Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers

The discrepancy between natural sleep-wake rhythm and actual sleep times in shift workers can cause sleep loss and negative daytime consequences. Irregular shift schedules do not follow a fixed structure and change frequently, which makes them particularly harmful and makes affected individuals more...

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Autores principales: Holzinger, Brigitte, Mayer, Lucille, Klösch, Gerhard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8438113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34531788
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.689741
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author Holzinger, Brigitte
Mayer, Lucille
Klösch, Gerhard
author_facet Holzinger, Brigitte
Mayer, Lucille
Klösch, Gerhard
author_sort Holzinger, Brigitte
collection PubMed
description The discrepancy between natural sleep-wake rhythm and actual sleep times in shift workers can cause sleep loss and negative daytime consequences. Irregular shift schedules do not follow a fixed structure and change frequently, which makes them particularly harmful and makes affected individuals more susceptible to insomnia. The present study compares insomnia symptoms of non-shift workers, regular shift workers, and irregular shift workers and takes into account the moderating role of the Big Five personality traits and levels of perfectionism. Employees of an Austrian railway company completed an online survey assessing shift schedules, sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and personality traits. A total of 305 participants, of whom 111 were non-shift workers, 60 regular shift workers, and 134 irregular shift workers, made up the final sample. Irregular shift workers achieved significantly worse scores than one or both of the other groups in time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep latency, and the number of awakenings. However, the values of the irregular shifts workers are still in the average range and do not indicate clinical insomnia. Participants working regular shifts reported the best sleep quality and longest sleep duration and showed the least nocturnal awakenings, possibly due to higher conscientiousness- and lower neuroticism scores in this group. Agreeableness increased the effect of work schedule on total sleep time while decreasing its effect on the amount of sleep medication taken. Perfectionism increased the effect of work schedule on time in bed and total sleep time. Generalization of results is limited due to the high percentage of males in the sample and using self-report measures only.
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spelling pubmed-84381132021-09-15 Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers Holzinger, Brigitte Mayer, Lucille Klösch, Gerhard Front Psychol Psychology The discrepancy between natural sleep-wake rhythm and actual sleep times in shift workers can cause sleep loss and negative daytime consequences. Irregular shift schedules do not follow a fixed structure and change frequently, which makes them particularly harmful and makes affected individuals more susceptible to insomnia. The present study compares insomnia symptoms of non-shift workers, regular shift workers, and irregular shift workers and takes into account the moderating role of the Big Five personality traits and levels of perfectionism. Employees of an Austrian railway company completed an online survey assessing shift schedules, sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and personality traits. A total of 305 participants, of whom 111 were non-shift workers, 60 regular shift workers, and 134 irregular shift workers, made up the final sample. Irregular shift workers achieved significantly worse scores than one or both of the other groups in time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep latency, and the number of awakenings. However, the values of the irregular shifts workers are still in the average range and do not indicate clinical insomnia. Participants working regular shifts reported the best sleep quality and longest sleep duration and showed the least nocturnal awakenings, possibly due to higher conscientiousness- and lower neuroticism scores in this group. Agreeableness increased the effect of work schedule on total sleep time while decreasing its effect on the amount of sleep medication taken. Perfectionism increased the effect of work schedule on time in bed and total sleep time. Generalization of results is limited due to the high percentage of males in the sample and using self-report measures only. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8438113/ /pubmed/34531788 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.689741 Text en Copyright © 2021 Holzinger, Mayer and Klösch. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Holzinger, Brigitte
Mayer, Lucille
Klösch, Gerhard
Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title_full Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title_fullStr Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title_full_unstemmed Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title_short Personality Traits and Insomnia Symptoms in Shift Workers
title_sort personality traits and insomnia symptoms in shift workers
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8438113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34531788
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.689741
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