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The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder

Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a significant public health challenge, affecting tens of millions of individuals worldwide each year. Often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, SUD can be poly-drug and involve several different substances including cocaine, opiates, nicotine, and alcohol...

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Autores principales: Russell, Jordan T., Zhou, Yanjiao, Weinstock, George M., Bubier, Jason A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34531718
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.725500
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author Russell, Jordan T.
Zhou, Yanjiao
Weinstock, George M.
Bubier, Jason A.
author_facet Russell, Jordan T.
Zhou, Yanjiao
Weinstock, George M.
Bubier, Jason A.
author_sort Russell, Jordan T.
collection PubMed
description Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a significant public health challenge, affecting tens of millions of individuals worldwide each year. Often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, SUD can be poly-drug and involve several different substances including cocaine, opiates, nicotine, and alcohol. SUD has a strong genetic component. Much of SUD research has focused on the neurologic and genetic facets of consumption behavior. There is now interest in the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of SUD. In this review, we summarize current animal and clinical evidence that the gut microbiome is involved in SUD, then address the underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiome interacts with SUD through metabolomic, immune, neurological, and epigenetic mechanisms. Lastly, we discuss methods using various inbred and outbred mice models to gain an integrative understanding of the microbiome and host genetic controls in SUD.
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spelling pubmed-84394192021-09-15 The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder Russell, Jordan T. Zhou, Yanjiao Weinstock, George M. Bubier, Jason A. Front Neurosci Neuroscience Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a significant public health challenge, affecting tens of millions of individuals worldwide each year. Often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, SUD can be poly-drug and involve several different substances including cocaine, opiates, nicotine, and alcohol. SUD has a strong genetic component. Much of SUD research has focused on the neurologic and genetic facets of consumption behavior. There is now interest in the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of SUD. In this review, we summarize current animal and clinical evidence that the gut microbiome is involved in SUD, then address the underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiome interacts with SUD through metabolomic, immune, neurological, and epigenetic mechanisms. Lastly, we discuss methods using various inbred and outbred mice models to gain an integrative understanding of the microbiome and host genetic controls in SUD. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8439419/ /pubmed/34531718 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.725500 Text en Copyright © 2021 Russell, Zhou, Weinstock and Bubier. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Russell, Jordan T.
Zhou, Yanjiao
Weinstock, George M.
Bubier, Jason A.
The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title_full The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title_fullStr The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title_full_unstemmed The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title_short The Gut Microbiome and Substance Use Disorder
title_sort gut microbiome and substance use disorder
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34531718
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.725500
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