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Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples

AIMS: Brief measurements of the subjective experience of stress with good predictive capability are important in a range of community mental health and research settings. The potential for large-scale implementation of such a measure for screening may facilitate early risk detection and intervention...

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Autores principales: Wong, S. M. Y., Lam, B. Y. H., Wong, C. S. M., Lee, H. P. Y., Wong, G. H. Y., Lui, S. S. Y., Chan, K. T., Wong, M. T. H., Chan, S. K. W., Chang, W. C., Lee, E. H. M., Suen, Y. N., Hui, C. L. M., Chen, E. Y. H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8444151/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000445
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author Wong, S. M. Y.
Lam, B. Y. H.
Wong, C. S. M.
Lee, H. P. Y.
Wong, G. H. Y.
Lui, S. S. Y.
Chan, K. T.
Wong, M. T. H.
Chan, S. K. W.
Chang, W. C.
Lee, E. H. M.
Suen, Y. N.
Hui, C. L. M.
Chen, E. Y. H.
author_facet Wong, S. M. Y.
Lam, B. Y. H.
Wong, C. S. M.
Lee, H. P. Y.
Wong, G. H. Y.
Lui, S. S. Y.
Chan, K. T.
Wong, M. T. H.
Chan, S. K. W.
Chang, W. C.
Lee, E. H. M.
Suen, Y. N.
Hui, C. L. M.
Chen, E. Y. H.
author_sort Wong, S. M. Y.
collection PubMed
description AIMS: Brief measurements of the subjective experience of stress with good predictive capability are important in a range of community mental health and research settings. The potential for large-scale implementation of such a measure for screening may facilitate early risk detection and intervention opportunities. Few such measures however have been developed and validated in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples. We designed a new single-item measure of the subjective level of stress (SLS-1) and tested its validity and ability to predict long-term mental health outcomes of up to 12 months through two separate studies. METHODS: We first examined the content and face validity of the SLS-1 with a panel consisting of mental health experts and laypersons. Two studies were conducted to examine its validity and predictive utility. In study 1, we tested the convergent and divergent validity as well as incremental validity of the SLS-1 in a large epidemiological sample of young people in Hong Kong (n = 1445). In study 2, in a consecutively recruited longitudinal community sample of young people (n = 258), we first performed the same procedures as in study 1 to ensure replicability of the findings. We then examined in this longitudinal sample the utility of the SLS-1 in predicting long-term depressive, anxiety and stress outcomes assessed at 3 months and 6 months (n = 182) and at 12 months (n = 84). RESULTS: The SLS-1 demonstrated good content and face validity. Findings from the two studies showed that SLS-1 was moderately to strongly correlated with a range of mental health outcomes, including depressive, anxiety, stress and distress symptoms. We also demonstrated its ability to explain the variance explained in symptoms beyond other known personal and psychological factors. Using the longitudinal sample in study 2, we further showed the significant predictive capability of the SLS-1 for long-term symptom outcomes for up to 12 months even when accounting for demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The findings altogether support the validity and predictive utility of the SLS-1 as a brief measure of stress with strong indications of both concurrent and long-term mental health outcomes. Given the value of brief measures of mental health risks at a population level, the SLS-1 may have potential for use as an early screening tool to inform early preventative intervention work.
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spelling pubmed-84441512021-09-24 Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples Wong, S. M. Y. Lam, B. Y. H. Wong, C. S. M. Lee, H. P. Y. Wong, G. H. Y. Lui, S. S. Y. Chan, K. T. Wong, M. T. H. Chan, S. K. W. Chang, W. C. Lee, E. H. M. Suen, Y. N. Hui, C. L. M. Chen, E. Y. H. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci Original Article AIMS: Brief measurements of the subjective experience of stress with good predictive capability are important in a range of community mental health and research settings. The potential for large-scale implementation of such a measure for screening may facilitate early risk detection and intervention opportunities. Few such measures however have been developed and validated in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples. We designed a new single-item measure of the subjective level of stress (SLS-1) and tested its validity and ability to predict long-term mental health outcomes of up to 12 months through two separate studies. METHODS: We first examined the content and face validity of the SLS-1 with a panel consisting of mental health experts and laypersons. Two studies were conducted to examine its validity and predictive utility. In study 1, we tested the convergent and divergent validity as well as incremental validity of the SLS-1 in a large epidemiological sample of young people in Hong Kong (n = 1445). In study 2, in a consecutively recruited longitudinal community sample of young people (n = 258), we first performed the same procedures as in study 1 to ensure replicability of the findings. We then examined in this longitudinal sample the utility of the SLS-1 in predicting long-term depressive, anxiety and stress outcomes assessed at 3 months and 6 months (n = 182) and at 12 months (n = 84). RESULTS: The SLS-1 demonstrated good content and face validity. Findings from the two studies showed that SLS-1 was moderately to strongly correlated with a range of mental health outcomes, including depressive, anxiety, stress and distress symptoms. We also demonstrated its ability to explain the variance explained in symptoms beyond other known personal and psychological factors. Using the longitudinal sample in study 2, we further showed the significant predictive capability of the SLS-1 for long-term symptom outcomes for up to 12 months even when accounting for demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: The findings altogether support the validity and predictive utility of the SLS-1 as a brief measure of stress with strong indications of both concurrent and long-term mental health outcomes. Given the value of brief measures of mental health risks at a population level, the SLS-1 may have potential for use as an early screening tool to inform early preventative intervention work. Cambridge University Press 2021-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8444151/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000445 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Wong, S. M. Y.
Lam, B. Y. H.
Wong, C. S. M.
Lee, H. P. Y.
Wong, G. H. Y.
Lui, S. S. Y.
Chan, K. T.
Wong, M. T. H.
Chan, S. K. W.
Chang, W. C.
Lee, E. H. M.
Suen, Y. N.
Hui, C. L. M.
Chen, E. Y. H.
Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title_full Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title_fullStr Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title_full_unstemmed Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title_short Measuring subjective stress among young people in Hong Kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (SLS-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
title_sort measuring subjective stress among young people in hong kong: validation and predictive utility of the single-item subjective level of stress (sls-1) in epidemiological and longitudinal community samples
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8444151/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000445
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