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The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all?
We show how anomalous time reversal of stimuli and their associated responses can exist in very small connectionist models. These networks are built from dynamical toy model neurons which adhere to a minimal set of biologically plausible properties. The appearance of a “ghost” response, temporally a...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8445478/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34478441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009344 |
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author | Keuninckx, Lars Cleeremans, Axel |
author_facet | Keuninckx, Lars Cleeremans, Axel |
author_sort | Keuninckx, Lars |
collection | PubMed |
description | We show how anomalous time reversal of stimuli and their associated responses can exist in very small connectionist models. These networks are built from dynamical toy model neurons which adhere to a minimal set of biologically plausible properties. The appearance of a “ghost” response, temporally and spatially located in between responses caused by actual stimuli, as in the phi phenomenon, is demonstrated in a similar small network, where it is caused by priming and long-distance feedforward paths. We then demonstrate that the color phi phenomenon can be present in an echo state network, a recurrent neural network, without explicitly training for the presence of the effect, such that it emerges as an artifact of the dynamical processing. Our results suggest that the color phi phenomenon might simply be a feature of the inherent dynamical and nonlinear sensory processing in the brain and in and of itself is not related to consciousness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8445478 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84454782021-09-17 The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? Keuninckx, Lars Cleeremans, Axel PLoS Comput Biol Research Article We show how anomalous time reversal of stimuli and their associated responses can exist in very small connectionist models. These networks are built from dynamical toy model neurons which adhere to a minimal set of biologically plausible properties. The appearance of a “ghost” response, temporally and spatially located in between responses caused by actual stimuli, as in the phi phenomenon, is demonstrated in a similar small network, where it is caused by priming and long-distance feedforward paths. We then demonstrate that the color phi phenomenon can be present in an echo state network, a recurrent neural network, without explicitly training for the presence of the effect, such that it emerges as an artifact of the dynamical processing. Our results suggest that the color phi phenomenon might simply be a feature of the inherent dynamical and nonlinear sensory processing in the brain and in and of itself is not related to consciousness. Public Library of Science 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8445478/ /pubmed/34478441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009344 Text en © 2021 Keuninckx, Cleeremans https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Keuninckx, Lars Cleeremans, Axel The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title | The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title_full | The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title_fullStr | The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title_full_unstemmed | The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title_short | The color phi phenomenon: Not so special, after all? |
title_sort | color phi phenomenon: not so special, after all? |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8445478/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34478441 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009344 |
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