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Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection
Chlamydia trachomatis is a common sexually transmitted infection that is associated with a range of serious reproductive tract sequelae including in women Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), tubal factor infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Ascension of the pathogen beyond the cervix and into the uppe...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8448331/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34492008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009365 |
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author | Callan, Torrington Woodcock, Stephen Huston, Wilhelmina May |
author_facet | Callan, Torrington Woodcock, Stephen Huston, Wilhelmina May |
author_sort | Callan, Torrington |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chlamydia trachomatis is a common sexually transmitted infection that is associated with a range of serious reproductive tract sequelae including in women Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), tubal factor infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Ascension of the pathogen beyond the cervix and into the upper reproductive tract is thought to be necessary for these pathologies. However, Chlamydia trachomatis does not encode a mechanism for movement on its genome, and so the processes that facilitate ascension have not been elucidated. Here, we evaluate the factors that may influence chlamydial ascension in women. We constructed a mathematical model based on a set of stochastic dynamics to elucidate the moderating factors that might influence ascension of infections in the first month of an infection. In the simulations conducted from the stochastic model, 36% of infections ascended, but only 9% had more than 1000 bacteria ascend. The results of the simulations indicated that infectious load and the peristaltic contractions moderate ascension and are inter-related in impact. Smaller initial loads were much more likely to ascend. Ascension was found to be dependent on the neutrophil response. Overall, our results indicate that infectious load, menstrual cycle timing, and the neutrophil response are critical factors in chlamydial ascension in women. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8448331 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84483312021-09-18 Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection Callan, Torrington Woodcock, Stephen Huston, Wilhelmina May PLoS Comput Biol Research Article Chlamydia trachomatis is a common sexually transmitted infection that is associated with a range of serious reproductive tract sequelae including in women Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), tubal factor infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Ascension of the pathogen beyond the cervix and into the upper reproductive tract is thought to be necessary for these pathologies. However, Chlamydia trachomatis does not encode a mechanism for movement on its genome, and so the processes that facilitate ascension have not been elucidated. Here, we evaluate the factors that may influence chlamydial ascension in women. We constructed a mathematical model based on a set of stochastic dynamics to elucidate the moderating factors that might influence ascension of infections in the first month of an infection. In the simulations conducted from the stochastic model, 36% of infections ascended, but only 9% had more than 1000 bacteria ascend. The results of the simulations indicated that infectious load and the peristaltic contractions moderate ascension and are inter-related in impact. Smaller initial loads were much more likely to ascend. Ascension was found to be dependent on the neutrophil response. Overall, our results indicate that infectious load, menstrual cycle timing, and the neutrophil response are critical factors in chlamydial ascension in women. Public Library of Science 2021-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8448331/ /pubmed/34492008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009365 Text en © 2021 Callan et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Callan, Torrington Woodcock, Stephen Huston, Wilhelmina May Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title | Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title_full | Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title_fullStr | Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title_short | Ascension of Chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
title_sort | ascension of chlamydia is moderated by uterine peristalsis and the neutrophil response to infection |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8448331/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34492008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009365 |
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