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Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda
BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its associated factors in persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda who engage in heavy alcohol use. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data from the Drinkers Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study which enrolls PLWH with latent tube...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8449437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34535103 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z |
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author | Kekibiina, Allen Adong, Julian Fatch, Robin Emenyonu, Nneka I. Marson, Kara Beesiga, Brian Lodi, Sara Muyindike, Winnie R. Kamya, Moses Chamie, Gabriel McDonell, Michael G. Hahn, Judith A. |
author_facet | Kekibiina, Allen Adong, Julian Fatch, Robin Emenyonu, Nneka I. Marson, Kara Beesiga, Brian Lodi, Sara Muyindike, Winnie R. Kamya, Moses Chamie, Gabriel McDonell, Michael G. Hahn, Judith A. |
author_sort | Kekibiina, Allen |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its associated factors in persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda who engage in heavy alcohol use. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data from the Drinkers Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study which enrolls PLWH with latent tuberculosis who engage in heavy alcohol consumption. Using the primary care Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) screening scale from the DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), probable PTSD was defined as reporting ≥3 of 5 assessed symptoms. We conducted the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and assessed demographics, smoking, symptoms of depression, and spirituality/religiosity. RESULTS: Of 421 participants enrolled from 2018 through 2020, the majority (68.2%) were male, median age was 40 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 32–47), and median AUDIT-C score was 6 [IQR: 4–8]. Half (50.1%) of the participants reported ever experiencing a traumatic event, and 20.7% reported ≥3 symptoms of PTSD. The most commonly reported PTSD symptoms in the past 1 month in the entire sample were avoidance (28.3%), nightmares (27.3%), and being constantly on guard (21.6%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for each AUDIT-C point: (1.02; 95% CI: 0.92–1.14; p = 0.69); however, lifetime smoking (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.10–3.24) and reporting symptoms of depression (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.04–3.44) were independently associated with probable PTSD. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: A history of traumatic events and probable PTSD were frequently reported among persons who engage in heavy drinking, living with HIV in Uganda. Level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD in this sample of PLWH with heavy alcohol use, however other behavioral and mental health factors were associated with probable PTSD. These data highlight the high prevalence of PTSD in this group, and the need for screening and interventions for PTSD and mental health problems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8449437 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84494372021-09-20 Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda Kekibiina, Allen Adong, Julian Fatch, Robin Emenyonu, Nneka I. Marson, Kara Beesiga, Brian Lodi, Sara Muyindike, Winnie R. Kamya, Moses Chamie, Gabriel McDonell, Michael G. Hahn, Judith A. BMC Psychiatry Research BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the prevalence of PTSD symptoms and its associated factors in persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda who engage in heavy alcohol use. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data from the Drinkers Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study which enrolls PLWH with latent tuberculosis who engage in heavy alcohol consumption. Using the primary care Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) screening scale from the DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), probable PTSD was defined as reporting ≥3 of 5 assessed symptoms. We conducted the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and assessed demographics, smoking, symptoms of depression, and spirituality/religiosity. RESULTS: Of 421 participants enrolled from 2018 through 2020, the majority (68.2%) were male, median age was 40 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 32–47), and median AUDIT-C score was 6 [IQR: 4–8]. Half (50.1%) of the participants reported ever experiencing a traumatic event, and 20.7% reported ≥3 symptoms of PTSD. The most commonly reported PTSD symptoms in the past 1 month in the entire sample were avoidance (28.3%), nightmares (27.3%), and being constantly on guard (21.6%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for each AUDIT-C point: (1.02; 95% CI: 0.92–1.14; p = 0.69); however, lifetime smoking (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.10–3.24) and reporting symptoms of depression (AOR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.04–3.44) were independently associated with probable PTSD. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: A history of traumatic events and probable PTSD were frequently reported among persons who engage in heavy drinking, living with HIV in Uganda. Level of alcohol use was not associated with probable PTSD in this sample of PLWH with heavy alcohol use, however other behavioral and mental health factors were associated with probable PTSD. These data highlight the high prevalence of PTSD in this group, and the need for screening and interventions for PTSD and mental health problems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z. BioMed Central 2021-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8449437/ /pubmed/34535103 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Kekibiina, Allen Adong, Julian Fatch, Robin Emenyonu, Nneka I. Marson, Kara Beesiga, Brian Lodi, Sara Muyindike, Winnie R. Kamya, Moses Chamie, Gabriel McDonell, Michael G. Hahn, Judith A. Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title | Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title_full | Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title_fullStr | Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title_full_unstemmed | Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title_short | Post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with HIV who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern Uganda |
title_sort | post-traumatic stress disorder among persons with hiv who engage in heavy alcohol consumption in southwestern uganda |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8449437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34535103 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03464-z |
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