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Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis

Large bone defects remain a clinical challenge because they do not heal spontaneously. 3-D printed scaffolds are a promising treatment option for such critical defects. Recent scaffold design strategies have made use of computer modelling techniques to optimize scaffold design. In particular, scaffo...

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Autores principales: Perier-Metz, Camille, Duda, Georg N., Checa, Sara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8450217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34097188
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01472-2
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author Perier-Metz, Camille
Duda, Georg N.
Checa, Sara
author_facet Perier-Metz, Camille
Duda, Georg N.
Checa, Sara
author_sort Perier-Metz, Camille
collection PubMed
description Large bone defects remain a clinical challenge because they do not heal spontaneously. 3-D printed scaffolds are a promising treatment option for such critical defects. Recent scaffold design strategies have made use of computer modelling techniques to optimize scaffold design. In particular, scaffold geometries have been optimized to avoid mechanical failure and recently also to provide a distinct mechanical stimulation to cells within the scaffold pores. This way, mechanical strain levels are optimized to favour the bone tissue formation. However, bone regeneration is a highly dynamic process where the mechanical conditions immediately after surgery might not ensure optimal regeneration throughout healing. Here, we investigated in silico whether scaffolds presenting optimal mechanical conditions for bone regeneration immediately after surgery also present an optimal design for the full regeneration process. A computer framework, combining an automatic parametric scaffold design generation with a mechano-biological bone regeneration model, was developed to predict the level of regenerated bone volume for a large range of scaffold designs and to compare it with the scaffold pore volume fraction under favourable mechanical stimuli immediately after surgery. We found that many scaffold designs could be considered as highly beneficial for bone healing immediately after surgery; however, most of them did not show optimal bone formation in later regenerative phases. This study allowed to gain a more thorough understanding of the effect of scaffold geometry changes on bone regeneration and how to maximize regenerated bone volume in the long term. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10237-021-01472-2.
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spelling pubmed-84502172021-10-05 Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis Perier-Metz, Camille Duda, Georg N. Checa, Sara Biomech Model Mechanobiol Original Paper Large bone defects remain a clinical challenge because they do not heal spontaneously. 3-D printed scaffolds are a promising treatment option for such critical defects. Recent scaffold design strategies have made use of computer modelling techniques to optimize scaffold design. In particular, scaffold geometries have been optimized to avoid mechanical failure and recently also to provide a distinct mechanical stimulation to cells within the scaffold pores. This way, mechanical strain levels are optimized to favour the bone tissue formation. However, bone regeneration is a highly dynamic process where the mechanical conditions immediately after surgery might not ensure optimal regeneration throughout healing. Here, we investigated in silico whether scaffolds presenting optimal mechanical conditions for bone regeneration immediately after surgery also present an optimal design for the full regeneration process. A computer framework, combining an automatic parametric scaffold design generation with a mechano-biological bone regeneration model, was developed to predict the level of regenerated bone volume for a large range of scaffold designs and to compare it with the scaffold pore volume fraction under favourable mechanical stimuli immediately after surgery. We found that many scaffold designs could be considered as highly beneficial for bone healing immediately after surgery; however, most of them did not show optimal bone formation in later regenerative phases. This study allowed to gain a more thorough understanding of the effect of scaffold geometry changes on bone regeneration and how to maximize regenerated bone volume in the long term. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10237-021-01472-2. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-06-07 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8450217/ /pubmed/34097188 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01472-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Paper
Perier-Metz, Camille
Duda, Georg N.
Checa, Sara
Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title_full Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title_fullStr Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title_full_unstemmed Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title_short Initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
title_sort initial mechanical conditions within an optimized bone scaffold do not ensure bone regeneration – an in silico analysis
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8450217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34097188
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01472-2
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