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High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study
Male sex was repeatedly identified as a risk factor for death and intensive care admission. However, it is yet unclear whether sex hormones are associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we analysed sex hormone levels (estradiol and testosterone) of male and female COVID-1...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8451658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34402750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2021.1969869 |
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author | Schroeder, Maria Schaumburg, Berfin Mueller, Zacharias Parplys, Ann Jarczak, Dominik Roedl, Kevin Nierhaus, Axel de Heer, Geraldine Grensemann, Joern Schneider, Bettina Stoll, Fabian Bai, Tian Jacobsen, Henning Zickler, Martin Stanelle-Bertram, Stephanie Klaetschke, Kristin Renné, Thomas Meinhardt, Andreas Aberle, Jens Hiller, Jens Peine, Sven Kreienbrock, Lothar Klingel, Karin Kluge, Stefan Gabriel, Guelsah |
author_facet | Schroeder, Maria Schaumburg, Berfin Mueller, Zacharias Parplys, Ann Jarczak, Dominik Roedl, Kevin Nierhaus, Axel de Heer, Geraldine Grensemann, Joern Schneider, Bettina Stoll, Fabian Bai, Tian Jacobsen, Henning Zickler, Martin Stanelle-Bertram, Stephanie Klaetschke, Kristin Renné, Thomas Meinhardt, Andreas Aberle, Jens Hiller, Jens Peine, Sven Kreienbrock, Lothar Klingel, Karin Kluge, Stefan Gabriel, Guelsah |
author_sort | Schroeder, Maria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Male sex was repeatedly identified as a risk factor for death and intensive care admission. However, it is yet unclear whether sex hormones are associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we analysed sex hormone levels (estradiol and testosterone) of male and female COVID-19 patients (n = 50) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in comparison to control non-COVID-19 patients at the ICU (n = 42), non-COVID-19 patients with the most prevalent comorbidity (coronary heart diseases) present within the COVID-19 cohort (n = 39) and healthy individuals (n = 50). We detected significantly elevated estradiol levels in critically ill male COVID-19 patients compared to all control cohorts. Testosterone levels were significantly reduced in critically ill male COVID-19 patients compared to control cohorts. No statistically significant differences in sex hormone levels were detected in critically ill female COVID-19 patients, albeit similar trends towards elevated estradiol levels were observed. Linear regression analysis revealed that among a broad range of cytokines and chemokines analysed, IFN-γ levels are positively associated with estradiol levels in male and female COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, male COVID-19 patients with elevated estradiol levels were more likely to receive ECMO treatment. Thus, we herein identified that disturbance of sex hormone metabolism might present a hallmark in critically ill male COVID-19 patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8451658 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84516582021-09-21 High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study Schroeder, Maria Schaumburg, Berfin Mueller, Zacharias Parplys, Ann Jarczak, Dominik Roedl, Kevin Nierhaus, Axel de Heer, Geraldine Grensemann, Joern Schneider, Bettina Stoll, Fabian Bai, Tian Jacobsen, Henning Zickler, Martin Stanelle-Bertram, Stephanie Klaetschke, Kristin Renné, Thomas Meinhardt, Andreas Aberle, Jens Hiller, Jens Peine, Sven Kreienbrock, Lothar Klingel, Karin Kluge, Stefan Gabriel, Guelsah Emerg Microbes Infect Original Article Male sex was repeatedly identified as a risk factor for death and intensive care admission. However, it is yet unclear whether sex hormones are associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we analysed sex hormone levels (estradiol and testosterone) of male and female COVID-19 patients (n = 50) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in comparison to control non-COVID-19 patients at the ICU (n = 42), non-COVID-19 patients with the most prevalent comorbidity (coronary heart diseases) present within the COVID-19 cohort (n = 39) and healthy individuals (n = 50). We detected significantly elevated estradiol levels in critically ill male COVID-19 patients compared to all control cohorts. Testosterone levels were significantly reduced in critically ill male COVID-19 patients compared to control cohorts. No statistically significant differences in sex hormone levels were detected in critically ill female COVID-19 patients, albeit similar trends towards elevated estradiol levels were observed. Linear regression analysis revealed that among a broad range of cytokines and chemokines analysed, IFN-γ levels are positively associated with estradiol levels in male and female COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, male COVID-19 patients with elevated estradiol levels were more likely to receive ECMO treatment. Thus, we herein identified that disturbance of sex hormone metabolism might present a hallmark in critically ill male COVID-19 patients. Taylor & Francis 2021-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8451658/ /pubmed/34402750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2021.1969869 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Schroeder, Maria Schaumburg, Berfin Mueller, Zacharias Parplys, Ann Jarczak, Dominik Roedl, Kevin Nierhaus, Axel de Heer, Geraldine Grensemann, Joern Schneider, Bettina Stoll, Fabian Bai, Tian Jacobsen, Henning Zickler, Martin Stanelle-Bertram, Stephanie Klaetschke, Kristin Renné, Thomas Meinhardt, Andreas Aberle, Jens Hiller, Jens Peine, Sven Kreienbrock, Lothar Klingel, Karin Kluge, Stefan Gabriel, Guelsah High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title | High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title_full | High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title_fullStr | High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title_full_unstemmed | High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title_short | High estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
title_sort | high estradiol and low testosterone levels are associated with critical illness in male but not in female covid-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8451658/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34402750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2021.1969869 |
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