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Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly

Large-scale latitudinal studies that include both north and south edge populations and address sex differences are needed to understand how selection has shaped trait variation. We quantified the variation of flight-related morphological traits (body size, wing size, ratio between wing size and body...

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Autores principales: Outomuro, David, Golab, Maria J., Johansson, Frank, Sniegula, Szymon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8452623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34545136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97829-9
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author Outomuro, David
Golab, Maria J.
Johansson, Frank
Sniegula, Szymon
author_facet Outomuro, David
Golab, Maria J.
Johansson, Frank
Sniegula, Szymon
author_sort Outomuro, David
collection PubMed
description Large-scale latitudinal studies that include both north and south edge populations and address sex differences are needed to understand how selection has shaped trait variation. We quantified the variation of flight-related morphological traits (body size, wing size, ratio between wing size and body size, and wing shape) along the whole latitudinal distribution of the damselfly Lestes sponsa, spanning over 2700 km. We tested predictions of geographic variation in the flight-related traits as a signature of: (1) stronger natural selection to improve dispersal in males and females at edge populations; (2) stronger sexual selection to improve reproduction (fecundity in females and sexual behaviors in males) at edge populations. We found that body size and wing size showed a U-shaped latitudinal pattern, while wing ratio showed the inverse shape. However, wing shape varied very little along the latitudinal gradient. We also detected sex-differences in the latitudinal patterns of variation. We discuss how latitudinal differences in natural and sexual selection regimes can lead to the observed quadratic patterns of variation in body and wing morphology via direct or indirect selection. We also discuss the lack of latitudinal variation in wing shape, possibly due to aerodynamic constraints.
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spelling pubmed-84526232021-09-21 Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly Outomuro, David Golab, Maria J. Johansson, Frank Sniegula, Szymon Sci Rep Article Large-scale latitudinal studies that include both north and south edge populations and address sex differences are needed to understand how selection has shaped trait variation. We quantified the variation of flight-related morphological traits (body size, wing size, ratio between wing size and body size, and wing shape) along the whole latitudinal distribution of the damselfly Lestes sponsa, spanning over 2700 km. We tested predictions of geographic variation in the flight-related traits as a signature of: (1) stronger natural selection to improve dispersal in males and females at edge populations; (2) stronger sexual selection to improve reproduction (fecundity in females and sexual behaviors in males) at edge populations. We found that body size and wing size showed a U-shaped latitudinal pattern, while wing ratio showed the inverse shape. However, wing shape varied very little along the latitudinal gradient. We also detected sex-differences in the latitudinal patterns of variation. We discuss how latitudinal differences in natural and sexual selection regimes can lead to the observed quadratic patterns of variation in body and wing morphology via direct or indirect selection. We also discuss the lack of latitudinal variation in wing shape, possibly due to aerodynamic constraints. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8452623/ /pubmed/34545136 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97829-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Outomuro, David
Golab, Maria J.
Johansson, Frank
Sniegula, Szymon
Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title_full Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title_fullStr Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title_full_unstemmed Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title_short Body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
title_sort body and wing size, but not wing shape, vary along a large-scale latitudinal gradient in a damselfly
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8452623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34545136
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97829-9
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