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Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat

Cam morphology is defined as an aspherical femoral head-neck junction that causes abnormal contact of the acetabular rim with the anterior hip. Imaging confirmation of the cam morphology, associated with clinical signs and pain in the hip or groin, is characterized as femoroacetabular impingement (F...

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Autores principales: Catelli, Danilo S., Kowalski, Erik, Beaulé, Paul E., Lamontagne, Mario
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8458768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34568821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.716626
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author Catelli, Danilo S.
Kowalski, Erik
Beaulé, Paul E.
Lamontagne, Mario
author_facet Catelli, Danilo S.
Kowalski, Erik
Beaulé, Paul E.
Lamontagne, Mario
author_sort Catelli, Danilo S.
collection PubMed
description Cam morphology is defined as an aspherical femoral head-neck junction that causes abnormal contact of the acetabular rim with the anterior hip. Imaging confirmation of the cam morphology, associated with clinical signs and pain in the hip or groin, is characterized as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome. Although some individuals with cam morphology do not experience any symptoms, sparse studies have been done on these individuals. Understanding the way asymptomatic individuals generate muscle forces may help us to better explain the progression of the degenerative FAI process and discover better ways in preventing the onset or worsening of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle and hip contact forces of asymptomatic cam morphology (ACM) and FAI syndrome men compared to cam-free healthy controls during a deep squat task. This prospective study compared 39 participants, with 13 in each group (ACM, FAI, and control). Five deep squatting trials were performed at a self-selected pace while joint trajectories and ground reaction forces were recorded. A generic model was scaled for each participant, and inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics calculated joint angles and moments, respectively. Muscle and hip contact forces were estimated using static optimization. All variables were time normalized in percentage by the total squat cycle and both muscle forces and hip contact forces were normalized by body weight. Statistical non-parametric mapping analyses were used to compare the groups. The ACM group showed increased pelvic tilt and hip flexion angles compared to the FAI group during the descent and ascent phases of the squat cycle. Muscle forces were greater in the ACM and control groups, compared to the FAI group for the psoas and semimembranosus muscles. Biceps femoris muscle force was lower in the ACM group compared to the FAI group. The FAI group had lower posterior hip contact force compared to both the control and ACM groups. Muscle contraction strategy was different in the FAI group compared to the ACM and control groups, which caused different muscle force applications during hip extension. These results rebut the concept that mobility restrictions are solely caused by the presence of the cam morphology and propose evidence that symptoms and muscle contraction strategy can be the origin of the mobility restriction in male patients with FAI.
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spelling pubmed-84587682021-09-24 Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat Catelli, Danilo S. Kowalski, Erik Beaulé, Paul E. Lamontagne, Mario Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living Cam morphology is defined as an aspherical femoral head-neck junction that causes abnormal contact of the acetabular rim with the anterior hip. Imaging confirmation of the cam morphology, associated with clinical signs and pain in the hip or groin, is characterized as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome. Although some individuals with cam morphology do not experience any symptoms, sparse studies have been done on these individuals. Understanding the way asymptomatic individuals generate muscle forces may help us to better explain the progression of the degenerative FAI process and discover better ways in preventing the onset or worsening of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle and hip contact forces of asymptomatic cam morphology (ACM) and FAI syndrome men compared to cam-free healthy controls during a deep squat task. This prospective study compared 39 participants, with 13 in each group (ACM, FAI, and control). Five deep squatting trials were performed at a self-selected pace while joint trajectories and ground reaction forces were recorded. A generic model was scaled for each participant, and inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics calculated joint angles and moments, respectively. Muscle and hip contact forces were estimated using static optimization. All variables were time normalized in percentage by the total squat cycle and both muscle forces and hip contact forces were normalized by body weight. Statistical non-parametric mapping analyses were used to compare the groups. The ACM group showed increased pelvic tilt and hip flexion angles compared to the FAI group during the descent and ascent phases of the squat cycle. Muscle forces were greater in the ACM and control groups, compared to the FAI group for the psoas and semimembranosus muscles. Biceps femoris muscle force was lower in the ACM group compared to the FAI group. The FAI group had lower posterior hip contact force compared to both the control and ACM groups. Muscle contraction strategy was different in the FAI group compared to the ACM and control groups, which caused different muscle force applications during hip extension. These results rebut the concept that mobility restrictions are solely caused by the presence of the cam morphology and propose evidence that symptoms and muscle contraction strategy can be the origin of the mobility restriction in male patients with FAI. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8458768/ /pubmed/34568821 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.716626 Text en Copyright © 2021 Catelli, Kowalski, Beaulé and Lamontagne. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Catelli, Danilo S.
Kowalski, Erik
Beaulé, Paul E.
Lamontagne, Mario
Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title_full Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title_fullStr Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title_full_unstemmed Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title_short Muscle and Hip Contact Forces in Asymptomatic Men With Cam Morphology During Deep Squat
title_sort muscle and hip contact forces in asymptomatic men with cam morphology during deep squat
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8458768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34568821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.716626
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