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Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies

Despite the ever-increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This is due, in part, to the liver’s complex physiology and architecture. The liver maintains glucose and lipid homeostasis by coordinating numerous metabolic...

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Autores principales: Cunningham, Rory P., Porat-Shliom, Natalie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8458816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34566696
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.732929
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author Cunningham, Rory P.
Porat-Shliom, Natalie
author_facet Cunningham, Rory P.
Porat-Shliom, Natalie
author_sort Cunningham, Rory P.
collection PubMed
description Despite the ever-increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This is due, in part, to the liver’s complex physiology and architecture. The liver maintains glucose and lipid homeostasis by coordinating numerous metabolic processes with great efficiency. This is made possible by the spatial compartmentalization of metabolic pathways a phenomenon known as liver zonation. Despite the importance of zonation to normal liver function, it is unresolved if and how perturbations to liver zonation can drive hepatic pathophysiology and NAFLD development. While hepatocyte heterogeneity has been identified over a century ago, its examination had been severely hindered due to technological limitations. Recent advances in single cell analysis and imaging technologies now permit further characterization of cells across the liver lobule. This review summarizes the advances in examining liver zonation and elucidating its regulatory role in liver physiology and pathology. Understanding the spatial organization of metabolism is vital to further our knowledge of liver disease and to provide targeted therapeutic avenues.
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spelling pubmed-84588162021-09-24 Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies Cunningham, Rory P. Porat-Shliom, Natalie Front Physiol Physiology Despite the ever-increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This is due, in part, to the liver’s complex physiology and architecture. The liver maintains glucose and lipid homeostasis by coordinating numerous metabolic processes with great efficiency. This is made possible by the spatial compartmentalization of metabolic pathways a phenomenon known as liver zonation. Despite the importance of zonation to normal liver function, it is unresolved if and how perturbations to liver zonation can drive hepatic pathophysiology and NAFLD development. While hepatocyte heterogeneity has been identified over a century ago, its examination had been severely hindered due to technological limitations. Recent advances in single cell analysis and imaging technologies now permit further characterization of cells across the liver lobule. This review summarizes the advances in examining liver zonation and elucidating its regulatory role in liver physiology and pathology. Understanding the spatial organization of metabolism is vital to further our knowledge of liver disease and to provide targeted therapeutic avenues. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8458816/ /pubmed/34566696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.732929 Text en Copyright © 2021 Cunningham and Porat-Shliom. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Cunningham, Rory P.
Porat-Shliom, Natalie
Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title_full Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title_fullStr Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title_full_unstemmed Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title_short Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies
title_sort liver zonation – revisiting old questions with new technologies
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8458816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34566696
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.732929
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