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Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma

Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic parasites, which activity is tightly controlled in germline cells. Using Sindbis virus, it was recently demonstrated that viral infections affect TE transcript amounts in somatic tissues. However, the strongest evolutionary impacts are expected in gonads, beca...

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Autores principales: Roy, Marlène, Viginier, Barbara, Mayeux, Camille A, Ratinier, Maxime, Fablet, Marie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8459167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34498066
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab207
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author Roy, Marlène
Viginier, Barbara
Mayeux, Camille A
Ratinier, Maxime
Fablet, Marie
author_facet Roy, Marlène
Viginier, Barbara
Mayeux, Camille A
Ratinier, Maxime
Fablet, Marie
author_sort Roy, Marlène
collection PubMed
description Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic parasites, which activity is tightly controlled in germline cells. Using Sindbis virus, it was recently demonstrated that viral infections affect TE transcript amounts in somatic tissues. However, the strongest evolutionary impacts are expected in gonads, because that is where the genomes of the next generations lie. Here, we investigated this aspect using the Drosophila melanogaster Sigma virus. It is particularly relevant in the genome/TE interaction given its tropism to ovaries, which is the organ displaying the more sophisticated TE control pathways. Our results in Drosophila simulans flies allowed us to confirm the existence of a strong homeostasis of the TE transcriptome in ovaries upon infection, which, however, rely on TE-derived small RNA modulations. In addition, we performed a meta-analysis of RNA-seq data and propose that the immune pathway that is triggered upon viral infection determines the direction of TE transcript modulation in somatic tissues.
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spelling pubmed-84591672021-09-23 Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma Roy, Marlène Viginier, Barbara Mayeux, Camille A Ratinier, Maxime Fablet, Marie Genome Biol Evol Research Article Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic parasites, which activity is tightly controlled in germline cells. Using Sindbis virus, it was recently demonstrated that viral infections affect TE transcript amounts in somatic tissues. However, the strongest evolutionary impacts are expected in gonads, because that is where the genomes of the next generations lie. Here, we investigated this aspect using the Drosophila melanogaster Sigma virus. It is particularly relevant in the genome/TE interaction given its tropism to ovaries, which is the organ displaying the more sophisticated TE control pathways. Our results in Drosophila simulans flies allowed us to confirm the existence of a strong homeostasis of the TE transcriptome in ovaries upon infection, which, however, rely on TE-derived small RNA modulations. In addition, we performed a meta-analysis of RNA-seq data and propose that the immune pathway that is triggered upon viral infection determines the direction of TE transcript modulation in somatic tissues. Oxford University Press 2021-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8459167/ /pubmed/34498066 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab207 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research Article
Roy, Marlène
Viginier, Barbara
Mayeux, Camille A
Ratinier, Maxime
Fablet, Marie
Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title_full Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title_fullStr Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title_full_unstemmed Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title_short Infections by Transovarially Transmitted DMelSV in Drosophila Have No Impact on Ovarian Transposable Element Transcripts but Increase Their Amounts in the Soma
title_sort infections by transovarially transmitted dmelsv in drosophila have no impact on ovarian transposable element transcripts but increase their amounts in the soma
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8459167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34498066
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab207
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