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COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment
This review paper discusses the most relevant impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has infected 70 million people and caused the death of 1.58 million people since t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8460194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34558046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16551-1 |
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author | D. Atoufi, Hossein Lampert, David J. Sillanpää, Mika |
author_facet | D. Atoufi, Hossein Lampert, David J. Sillanpää, Mika |
author_sort | D. Atoufi, Hossein |
collection | PubMed |
description | This review paper discusses the most relevant impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has infected 70 million people and caused the death of 1.58 million people since the US Food and Drug Administration issued an Emergency Use Authorization to develop a vaccine to prevent COVID-19 on December 11, 2020. COVID-19 is a global crisis that has impacted everything directly connected with human beings, including the environment. This review discusses the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment during the pandemic and post-COVID-19 era. During the first months of the COVID pandemic, global coal, oil, gas, and electricity demands declined by 8%, 5%, 2%, and 20%, respectively, relative to 2019. Stay-at-home orders in countries increased the concentrations of particles in indoor environments while decreasing the concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(X) in outdoor environments. Remotely working in response to the COVID-19 pandemic increased the carbon, water, and land footprints of Internet usage. Microplastics are released into our environment from the mishandling and mismanagement of personal protective equipment that endanger our water, soils, and sediments. Since the COVID-19 vaccine cannot be stored for a long time and spoils rapidly, more awareness of the massive waste of unused doses is needed. So COVID-19 is a double-edged sword for the environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8460194 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84601942021-09-24 COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment D. Atoufi, Hossein Lampert, David J. Sillanpää, Mika Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Review Article This review paper discusses the most relevant impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has infected 70 million people and caused the death of 1.58 million people since the US Food and Drug Administration issued an Emergency Use Authorization to develop a vaccine to prevent COVID-19 on December 11, 2020. COVID-19 is a global crisis that has impacted everything directly connected with human beings, including the environment. This review discusses the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment during the pandemic and post-COVID-19 era. During the first months of the COVID pandemic, global coal, oil, gas, and electricity demands declined by 8%, 5%, 2%, and 20%, respectively, relative to 2019. Stay-at-home orders in countries increased the concentrations of particles in indoor environments while decreasing the concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(X) in outdoor environments. Remotely working in response to the COVID-19 pandemic increased the carbon, water, and land footprints of Internet usage. Microplastics are released into our environment from the mishandling and mismanagement of personal protective equipment that endanger our water, soils, and sediments. Since the COVID-19 vaccine cannot be stored for a long time and spoils rapidly, more awareness of the massive waste of unused doses is needed. So COVID-19 is a double-edged sword for the environment. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-09-23 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8460194/ /pubmed/34558046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16551-1 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Review Article D. Atoufi, Hossein Lampert, David J. Sillanpää, Mika COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title | COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title_full | COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title_fullStr | COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title_short | COVID-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment |
title_sort | covid-19, a double-edged sword for the environment: a review on the impacts of covid-19 on the environment |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8460194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34558046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16551-1 |
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