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Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks
Increasing studies show that gut microbiota play a central role in immunity, although the impact of the microbiota on mediation of thymic T cells throughout life is not well understood. Chickens have been shown to be a valuable model for studying basic immunology. Here, we show that changes in the g...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8461177/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34566959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700603 |
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author | Cheng, Jiaheng Yuan, Yushan Zhao, Fang Chen, Jianwei Chen, Peng Li, Ying Yan, Xia Luo, Chenglong Shu, Dingming Qu, Hao Ji, Jian |
author_facet | Cheng, Jiaheng Yuan, Yushan Zhao, Fang Chen, Jianwei Chen, Peng Li, Ying Yan, Xia Luo, Chenglong Shu, Dingming Qu, Hao Ji, Jian |
author_sort | Cheng, Jiaheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasing studies show that gut microbiota play a central role in immunity, although the impact of the microbiota on mediation of thymic T cells throughout life is not well understood. Chickens have been shown to be a valuable model for studying basic immunology. Here, we show that changes in the gut microbiota are associated with the development of thymic T cells in young chickens. Our results showed that T-cell numbers in newborn chicks sharply increased from day 0 and peaked at day 49. Interestingly, the α-diversity score pattern of change in gut microbiota also increased after day 0 and continued to increase until day 49. We found that early antibiotic treatment resulted in a dramatic reduction in gut alpha diversity: principal component analysis (PCA) showed that antibiotic treatment resulted in a different cluster from the controls on days 9 and 49. In the antibiotic-treated chickens, we identified eight significantly different (p < 0.05) microbes at the phylum level and 14 significantly different (p < 0.05) microbes at the genus level, compared with the controls. Importantly, we found that antibiotic treatment led to a decreased percentage and number of T cells in the thymus when measured at days 9 and 49, as evaluated by flow cytometry. Collectively, our data suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in the regulation of T cells in birds, presenting the possibility that interventions that actively modify the gut microbiota in early life may accelerate the maturation of humoral immunity, with resulting anti-inflammatory effects against different pathogens. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8461177 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84611772021-09-25 Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks Cheng, Jiaheng Yuan, Yushan Zhao, Fang Chen, Jianwei Chen, Peng Li, Ying Yan, Xia Luo, Chenglong Shu, Dingming Qu, Hao Ji, Jian Front Immunol Immunology Increasing studies show that gut microbiota play a central role in immunity, although the impact of the microbiota on mediation of thymic T cells throughout life is not well understood. Chickens have been shown to be a valuable model for studying basic immunology. Here, we show that changes in the gut microbiota are associated with the development of thymic T cells in young chickens. Our results showed that T-cell numbers in newborn chicks sharply increased from day 0 and peaked at day 49. Interestingly, the α-diversity score pattern of change in gut microbiota also increased after day 0 and continued to increase until day 49. We found that early antibiotic treatment resulted in a dramatic reduction in gut alpha diversity: principal component analysis (PCA) showed that antibiotic treatment resulted in a different cluster from the controls on days 9 and 49. In the antibiotic-treated chickens, we identified eight significantly different (p < 0.05) microbes at the phylum level and 14 significantly different (p < 0.05) microbes at the genus level, compared with the controls. Importantly, we found that antibiotic treatment led to a decreased percentage and number of T cells in the thymus when measured at days 9 and 49, as evaluated by flow cytometry. Collectively, our data suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in the regulation of T cells in birds, presenting the possibility that interventions that actively modify the gut microbiota in early life may accelerate the maturation of humoral immunity, with resulting anti-inflammatory effects against different pathogens. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8461177/ /pubmed/34566959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700603 Text en Copyright © 2021 Cheng, Yuan, Zhao, Chen, Chen, Li, Yan, Luo, Shu, Qu and Ji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Cheng, Jiaheng Yuan, Yushan Zhao, Fang Chen, Jianwei Chen, Peng Li, Ying Yan, Xia Luo, Chenglong Shu, Dingming Qu, Hao Ji, Jian Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title | Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title_full | Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title_fullStr | Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title_full_unstemmed | Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title_short | Thymic T-Cell Production Is Associated With Changes in the Gut Microbiota in Young Chicks |
title_sort | thymic t-cell production is associated with changes in the gut microbiota in young chicks |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8461177/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34566959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700603 |
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