Eumycetoma Osteomyelitis Calcaneus in Adolescent; report of case and literature review

BACKGROUND: Mycetoma is the most common neglected disease in humans. It is a chronic, progressive, and destructive disease primarily caused by fungi or bacteria characterized by formation of dark pale grains commonly involve skin, soft tissue and rarely bone. CASE PRESENTATION: A 19 year old male patient with chronic right ankle pain, swelling and abscess formation for more than 1 year, patient was treated repeatedly with incision and drainage without any success. No X-ray, biopsy or swab for culture and sensitivity had been considered through the course of presentation. Patient was referred to Omdurman hospital where osteomyelitis secondary euomycetoma infection has been confirmed based on radiological and pathological assessment. Patient was treated surgically with aggressive debridement and bone curettage plus postoperative Itraconazole for 1 year. CONCLUSION: Clinicians must consider osteomyelitis as important differential diagnosis during initial assessment Eumycetoma infection in adults. Aggressive bone curettage followed by regular X-ray follow up can be limb saving procedure in such cases.