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Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study
BACKGROUND: The situation of patients developing multiple primary cancers is becoming more frequent and graver. This study investigated the risks of developing second primary cancers that are related to first primary cancers, and the interval times of synchronous and metachronous multiple primary ca...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8461969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34556087 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08766-9 |
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author | Tanjak, Pariyada Suktitipat, Bhoom Vorasan, Nutchavadee Juengwiwattanakitti, Panudeth Thiengtrong, Benjarat Songjang, Cholticha Therasakvichya, Suwanit Laiteerapong, Somsri Chinswangwatanakul, Vitoon |
author_facet | Tanjak, Pariyada Suktitipat, Bhoom Vorasan, Nutchavadee Juengwiwattanakitti, Panudeth Thiengtrong, Benjarat Songjang, Cholticha Therasakvichya, Suwanit Laiteerapong, Somsri Chinswangwatanakul, Vitoon |
author_sort | Tanjak, Pariyada |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The situation of patients developing multiple primary cancers is becoming more frequent and graver. This study investigated the risks of developing second primary cancers that are related to first primary cancers, and the interval times of synchronous and metachronous multiple primary cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective data were retrieved from 109,054 patients aged ≥18 who were diagnosed with a first solid cancer and registered at Siriraj Cancer Center between 1991 and 2015. A two-month period between first- and second- primary cancers was used to differentiate metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers. The combinations of subsequent cancers and relative risks (RRs) of having multiple primary cancers versus having single primary cancer for the top-ten first and second primary cancers were examined. The RR was adjusted for age of the first primary cancer. A survival analysis of the time to second-primary-cancer development was performed. RESULTS: Multiple primary cancers were found in 1785 (1.63%) patients. Most (70.87%) second primary cancers occurred after 2 months of first breast, skin, colorectal, lung, head and neck, liver, male genital cancer–prostate, thyroid, and female genital cancer–non-uterine cancers, resulting in those cancers being classified as metachronous multiple primary cancer. After adjustment for age at first diagnosis, head and neck cancers had the highest metachronous association with second esophageal cancers (RR, 25.06; 95% CI, 13.41–50.77). Prostate cancer and second colorectal cancer also demonstrated a high metachronous association (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.25–3.05). A strong synchronous association was found between uterine and ovarian cancers (RR, 27.77; 95% CI, 17.97–43.63). The median time from the first uterine cancer to second-cancer development was 55 days. CONCLUSIONS: The top-ten most frequent multiple primary cancers were the following: breast; liver; head and neck; colorectal; male genital cancer–prostate; skin; female genital cancer–uterine; thyroid; lung; and female genital cancer–non-uterine. Second primary cancers showed specific associations that depended on the first primary cancer. Physicians should be cognizant of the most common combinations and the interval times of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8461969 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84619692021-09-24 Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study Tanjak, Pariyada Suktitipat, Bhoom Vorasan, Nutchavadee Juengwiwattanakitti, Panudeth Thiengtrong, Benjarat Songjang, Cholticha Therasakvichya, Suwanit Laiteerapong, Somsri Chinswangwatanakul, Vitoon BMC Cancer Research BACKGROUND: The situation of patients developing multiple primary cancers is becoming more frequent and graver. This study investigated the risks of developing second primary cancers that are related to first primary cancers, and the interval times of synchronous and metachronous multiple primary cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective data were retrieved from 109,054 patients aged ≥18 who were diagnosed with a first solid cancer and registered at Siriraj Cancer Center between 1991 and 2015. A two-month period between first- and second- primary cancers was used to differentiate metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers. The combinations of subsequent cancers and relative risks (RRs) of having multiple primary cancers versus having single primary cancer for the top-ten first and second primary cancers were examined. The RR was adjusted for age of the first primary cancer. A survival analysis of the time to second-primary-cancer development was performed. RESULTS: Multiple primary cancers were found in 1785 (1.63%) patients. Most (70.87%) second primary cancers occurred after 2 months of first breast, skin, colorectal, lung, head and neck, liver, male genital cancer–prostate, thyroid, and female genital cancer–non-uterine cancers, resulting in those cancers being classified as metachronous multiple primary cancer. After adjustment for age at first diagnosis, head and neck cancers had the highest metachronous association with second esophageal cancers (RR, 25.06; 95% CI, 13.41–50.77). Prostate cancer and second colorectal cancer also demonstrated a high metachronous association (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.25–3.05). A strong synchronous association was found between uterine and ovarian cancers (RR, 27.77; 95% CI, 17.97–43.63). The median time from the first uterine cancer to second-cancer development was 55 days. CONCLUSIONS: The top-ten most frequent multiple primary cancers were the following: breast; liver; head and neck; colorectal; male genital cancer–prostate; skin; female genital cancer–uterine; thyroid; lung; and female genital cancer–non-uterine. Second primary cancers showed specific associations that depended on the first primary cancer. Physicians should be cognizant of the most common combinations and the interval times of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers. BioMed Central 2021-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8461969/ /pubmed/34556087 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08766-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Tanjak, Pariyada Suktitipat, Bhoom Vorasan, Nutchavadee Juengwiwattanakitti, Panudeth Thiengtrong, Benjarat Songjang, Cholticha Therasakvichya, Suwanit Laiteerapong, Somsri Chinswangwatanakul, Vitoon Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title | Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title_full | Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title_fullStr | Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title_full_unstemmed | Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title_short | Risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
title_sort | risks and cancer associations of metachronous and synchronous multiple primary cancers: a 25-year retrospective study |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8461969/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34556087 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08766-9 |
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