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Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications

[Image: see text] Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are widely used to fabricate biomaterials; their application in neural tissue engineering, however, is severely limited because of their hydrophobicity and insufficient mechanical properties. For these reasons, soft conductive polymer hydrog...

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Autores principales: Rinoldi, Chiara, Lanzi, Massimiliano, Fiorelli, Roberto, Nakielski, Paweł, Zembrzycki, Krzysztof, Kowalewski, Tomasz, Urbanek, Olga, Grippo, Valentina, Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna, Maksymowicz, Wojciech, Camposeo, Andrea, Bilewicz, Renata, Pisignano, Dario, Sanai, Nader, Pierini, Filippo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2021
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8462755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34151565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00524
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author Rinoldi, Chiara
Lanzi, Massimiliano
Fiorelli, Roberto
Nakielski, Paweł
Zembrzycki, Krzysztof
Kowalewski, Tomasz
Urbanek, Olga
Grippo, Valentina
Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna
Maksymowicz, Wojciech
Camposeo, Andrea
Bilewicz, Renata
Pisignano, Dario
Sanai, Nader
Pierini, Filippo
author_facet Rinoldi, Chiara
Lanzi, Massimiliano
Fiorelli, Roberto
Nakielski, Paweł
Zembrzycki, Krzysztof
Kowalewski, Tomasz
Urbanek, Olga
Grippo, Valentina
Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna
Maksymowicz, Wojciech
Camposeo, Andrea
Bilewicz, Renata
Pisignano, Dario
Sanai, Nader
Pierini, Filippo
author_sort Rinoldi, Chiara
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are widely used to fabricate biomaterials; their application in neural tissue engineering, however, is severely limited because of their hydrophobicity and insufficient mechanical properties. For these reasons, soft conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) are recently developed, resulting in a water-based system with tissue-like mechanical, biological, and electrical properties. The strategy of incorporating ICPs as a conductive component into CPHs is recently explored by synthesizing the hydrogel around ICP chains, thus forming a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). In this work, a novel conductive semi-IPN hydrogel is designed and synthesized. The hybrid hydrogel is based on a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-isopropylmethacrylamide) hydrogel where polythiophene is introduced as an ICP to provide the system with good electrical properties. The fabrication of the hybrid hydrogel in an aqueous medium is made possible by modifying and synthesizing the monomers of polythiophene to ensure water solubility. The morphological, chemical, thermal, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties of semi-IPNs were fully investigated. Additionally, the biological response of neural progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells in contact with the conductive semi-IPN was evaluated in terms of neural differentiation and proliferation. Lastly, the potential of the hydrogel solution as a 3D printing ink was evaluated through the 3D laser printing method. The presented results revealed that the proposed 3D printable conductive semi-IPN system is a good candidate as a scaffold for neural tissue applications.
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spelling pubmed-84627552021-09-27 Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications Rinoldi, Chiara Lanzi, Massimiliano Fiorelli, Roberto Nakielski, Paweł Zembrzycki, Krzysztof Kowalewski, Tomasz Urbanek, Olga Grippo, Valentina Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna Maksymowicz, Wojciech Camposeo, Andrea Bilewicz, Renata Pisignano, Dario Sanai, Nader Pierini, Filippo Biomacromolecules [Image: see text] Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are widely used to fabricate biomaterials; their application in neural tissue engineering, however, is severely limited because of their hydrophobicity and insufficient mechanical properties. For these reasons, soft conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) are recently developed, resulting in a water-based system with tissue-like mechanical, biological, and electrical properties. The strategy of incorporating ICPs as a conductive component into CPHs is recently explored by synthesizing the hydrogel around ICP chains, thus forming a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). In this work, a novel conductive semi-IPN hydrogel is designed and synthesized. The hybrid hydrogel is based on a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-isopropylmethacrylamide) hydrogel where polythiophene is introduced as an ICP to provide the system with good electrical properties. The fabrication of the hybrid hydrogel in an aqueous medium is made possible by modifying and synthesizing the monomers of polythiophene to ensure water solubility. The morphological, chemical, thermal, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties of semi-IPNs were fully investigated. Additionally, the biological response of neural progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells in contact with the conductive semi-IPN was evaluated in terms of neural differentiation and proliferation. Lastly, the potential of the hydrogel solution as a 3D printing ink was evaluated through the 3D laser printing method. The presented results revealed that the proposed 3D printable conductive semi-IPN system is a good candidate as a scaffold for neural tissue applications. American Chemical Society 2021-06-21 2021-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8462755/ /pubmed/34151565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00524 Text en © 2021 American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Rinoldi, Chiara
Lanzi, Massimiliano
Fiorelli, Roberto
Nakielski, Paweł
Zembrzycki, Krzysztof
Kowalewski, Tomasz
Urbanek, Olga
Grippo, Valentina
Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna
Maksymowicz, Wojciech
Camposeo, Andrea
Bilewicz, Renata
Pisignano, Dario
Sanai, Nader
Pierini, Filippo
Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title_full Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title_fullStr Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title_full_unstemmed Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title_short Three-Dimensional Printable Conductive Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel for Neural Tissue Applications
title_sort three-dimensional printable conductive semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel for neural tissue applications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8462755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34151565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00524
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