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Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma
PURPOSE: Myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) plays an essential role in esophageal cancer, classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer. However, its role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) has not been explored. Therefore, the current study sought to explore the role of MAL in UCEC. PAT...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8464314/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34584457 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S317319 |
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author | Li, Dong Zhang, Juan Wu, Lilong Yang, Xiaoming Chen, Zheng Yuan, Jiangjing |
author_facet | Li, Dong Zhang, Juan Wu, Lilong Yang, Xiaoming Chen, Zheng Yuan, Jiangjing |
author_sort | Li, Dong |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) plays an essential role in esophageal cancer, classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer. However, its role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) has not been explored. Therefore, the current study sought to explore the role of MAL in UCEC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by using Limma package in R based on TCGA-UCEC data. Kaplan–Meier plotter analysis was performed to explore the prognostic value of MAL. Function enrichment analyses were performed using GSVA. Further, roles of MAL in UCEC were validated using clinical cohort, which included 120 tumor and adjacent tissues. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyze the samples. Chi-square tests were performed to explore the associations between MAL expressions and clinicopathological features. RESULTS: The findings showed that overexpression level of MAL in tumor was correlated with worse survival (p = 0.000424). MAL exhibited predictive power for survival time of UCEC patients (3 years: AUC = 0.635; 5 years: AUC = 0.635). Notably, high expression level of MAL was correlated with advanced stage of UCEC. MAL overexpression was significant in UCEC with microsatellite instability (MSI). Enrichment analysis showed that MAL was enriched mainly in MYC targets, epithelial mesenchymal transition and KRAS signaling. Furthermore, MAL was associated with infiltration of immune cells in the tumor micro-environment and immune checkpoint. Analysis showed a positive association between MAL and T cell (CD4+ memory resting). Correlation analysis showed that MAL was significantly positively correlated with several immune checkpoint, including CD274 (R = 0.3389, p = 0.0081), LAG3 (R = 0.2913, p = 0.0229), PDCD1LG2 (R = 0.5345, p < 0.0001). The prognosis value of MAL was confirmed through the experiment. CONCLUSION: The findings of the current study indicated that MAL is an effective prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for UCEC patients. These results indicated that MAL functions as a diagnosis and therapeutic marker in UCEC treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8464314 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84643142021-09-27 Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Li, Dong Zhang, Juan Wu, Lilong Yang, Xiaoming Chen, Zheng Yuan, Jiangjing Cancer Manag Res Original Research PURPOSE: Myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) plays an essential role in esophageal cancer, classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer. However, its role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) has not been explored. Therefore, the current study sought to explore the role of MAL in UCEC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by using Limma package in R based on TCGA-UCEC data. Kaplan–Meier plotter analysis was performed to explore the prognostic value of MAL. Function enrichment analyses were performed using GSVA. Further, roles of MAL in UCEC were validated using clinical cohort, which included 120 tumor and adjacent tissues. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyze the samples. Chi-square tests were performed to explore the associations between MAL expressions and clinicopathological features. RESULTS: The findings showed that overexpression level of MAL in tumor was correlated with worse survival (p = 0.000424). MAL exhibited predictive power for survival time of UCEC patients (3 years: AUC = 0.635; 5 years: AUC = 0.635). Notably, high expression level of MAL was correlated with advanced stage of UCEC. MAL overexpression was significant in UCEC with microsatellite instability (MSI). Enrichment analysis showed that MAL was enriched mainly in MYC targets, epithelial mesenchymal transition and KRAS signaling. Furthermore, MAL was associated with infiltration of immune cells in the tumor micro-environment and immune checkpoint. Analysis showed a positive association between MAL and T cell (CD4+ memory resting). Correlation analysis showed that MAL was significantly positively correlated with several immune checkpoint, including CD274 (R = 0.3389, p = 0.0081), LAG3 (R = 0.2913, p = 0.0229), PDCD1LG2 (R = 0.5345, p < 0.0001). The prognosis value of MAL was confirmed through the experiment. CONCLUSION: The findings of the current study indicated that MAL is an effective prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for UCEC patients. These results indicated that MAL functions as a diagnosis and therapeutic marker in UCEC treatment. Dove 2021-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8464314/ /pubmed/34584457 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S317319 Text en © 2021 Li et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Li, Dong Zhang, Juan Wu, Lilong Yang, Xiaoming Chen, Zheng Yuan, Jiangjing Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title | Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title_full | Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title_short | Myelin and Lymphocyte Protein (MAL): A Novel Biomarker for Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma |
title_sort | myelin and lymphocyte protein (mal): a novel biomarker for uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8464314/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34584457 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S317319 |
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