The Construction of Multi-Incorporated Polylactic Composite Nanofibrous Scaffold for the Potential Applications in Bone Tissue Regeneration

To improve the bone regeneration ability of pure polymer, varieties of bioactive components were incorporated to a biomolecular scaffold with different structures. In this study, polysilsesquioxane (POSS), pearl powder and dexamethasone loaded porous carbon nanofibers (DEX@PCNFs) were incorporated into polylactic (PLA) nanofibrous scaffold via electrospinning for the application of bone tissue regeneration. The morphology observation showed that the nanofibers were well formed through electrospinning process. The mineralization test of incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) revealed that POSS incorporated scaffold obtained faster hydroxyapatite depositing ability than pristine PLA nanofibers. Importantly, benefitting from the bioactive components of pearl powder like bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured on the composite scaffold presented higher proliferation rate. In addition, by further incorporating with DEX@PCNFs, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level and calcium deposition were a little higher based on pearl powder. Consequently, the novel POSS, pearl powder and DEX@PCNFs multi-incorporated PLA nanofibrous scaffold can provide better ability to enhance the biocompatibility and accelerate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which has potential applications in bone tissue regeneration.