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Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study
The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility to clotrimazole of 125 isolates of Candida spp. originated from the genitourinary system of hospitalized patients as well as outpatients, tested in the mycological laboratory of Wroclaw Medical University in the years 1999–2018. The minimal i...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8467132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578174 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091142 |
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author | Frej-Mądrzak, Magdalena Golec, Sabina Włodarczyk, Katarzyna Choroszy-Król, Irena Nawrot, Urszula |
author_facet | Frej-Mądrzak, Magdalena Golec, Sabina Włodarczyk, Katarzyna Choroszy-Król, Irena Nawrot, Urszula |
author_sort | Frej-Mądrzak, Magdalena |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility to clotrimazole of 125 isolates of Candida spp. originated from the genitourinary system of hospitalized patients as well as outpatients, tested in the mycological laboratory of Wroclaw Medical University in the years 1999–2018. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of clotrimazole and fluconazole were determined with the use of the microdilution method according to EUCAST, and the MFC was determined by subsequent subculture on Sabouraud agar. For the tested population of Candida yeasts, the MIC values of clotrimazole ranged from 0.008 to 8 mg/L, and MIC90 was 1 mg/L, whereas MIC50 was 0.008 mg/L. The minimal fungicidal concentration ranged between 1 and >8 mg/L. The great majority of the isolates (88%; 110/125) displayed MIC < 1 mg/L and were classified as WT (wild-type), whereas MIC ≥ 1 mg/L was determined for 2/61 (3.2%) isolates of C. albicans, 9/38 (23.6%) of C. glabrata, 1/2 of C. tropicalis, and 3/3 of C. guilliermondii. Six isolates (four of C. glabrata and two of C. albicans), defined as non-WT for clotrimazole, were classified as resistant to fluconazole, according to CBP from EUCAST. The isolates with elevated MIC to clotrimazole originated mostly from patients of the pediatric hematology unit, and their proportion in this population amounted to 17.8% (13 out of 73 isolates). In contrast, among strains from ambulatory patients, the highest observed MIC value was 1 mg/L (1 out of 37 isolates; 2.7%). The data obtained correlate well with those of most published studies on the in vitro susceptibility of Candida spp. to clotrimazole, which is usually very high. However, the existence of reports regarding the growing prevalence of resistant isolates has also to be noted. These results support the need for routinely checking the susceptibility of Candida clinical isolates to this imidazole derivative. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8467132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84671322021-09-27 Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study Frej-Mądrzak, Magdalena Golec, Sabina Włodarczyk, Katarzyna Choroszy-Król, Irena Nawrot, Urszula Pathogens Article The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility to clotrimazole of 125 isolates of Candida spp. originated from the genitourinary system of hospitalized patients as well as outpatients, tested in the mycological laboratory of Wroclaw Medical University in the years 1999–2018. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of clotrimazole and fluconazole were determined with the use of the microdilution method according to EUCAST, and the MFC was determined by subsequent subculture on Sabouraud agar. For the tested population of Candida yeasts, the MIC values of clotrimazole ranged from 0.008 to 8 mg/L, and MIC90 was 1 mg/L, whereas MIC50 was 0.008 mg/L. The minimal fungicidal concentration ranged between 1 and >8 mg/L. The great majority of the isolates (88%; 110/125) displayed MIC < 1 mg/L and were classified as WT (wild-type), whereas MIC ≥ 1 mg/L was determined for 2/61 (3.2%) isolates of C. albicans, 9/38 (23.6%) of C. glabrata, 1/2 of C. tropicalis, and 3/3 of C. guilliermondii. Six isolates (four of C. glabrata and two of C. albicans), defined as non-WT for clotrimazole, were classified as resistant to fluconazole, according to CBP from EUCAST. The isolates with elevated MIC to clotrimazole originated mostly from patients of the pediatric hematology unit, and their proportion in this population amounted to 17.8% (13 out of 73 isolates). In contrast, among strains from ambulatory patients, the highest observed MIC value was 1 mg/L (1 out of 37 isolates; 2.7%). The data obtained correlate well with those of most published studies on the in vitro susceptibility of Candida spp. to clotrimazole, which is usually very high. However, the existence of reports regarding the growing prevalence of resistant isolates has also to be noted. These results support the need for routinely checking the susceptibility of Candida clinical isolates to this imidazole derivative. MDPI 2021-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8467132/ /pubmed/34578174 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091142 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Frej-Mądrzak, Magdalena Golec, Sabina Włodarczyk, Katarzyna Choroszy-Król, Irena Nawrot, Urszula Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title | Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title_full | Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title_fullStr | Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title_short | Susceptibility to Clotrimazole of Candida spp. Isolated from the Genitourinary System—A Single Center Study |
title_sort | susceptibility to clotrimazole of candida spp. isolated from the genitourinary system—a single center study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8467132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578174 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091142 |
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