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Role of Helicobacter pylori and Other Environmental Factors in the Development of Gastric Dysbiosis

Microbiomes are defined as complex microbial communities, which are mainly composed of bacteria, fungi, and viruses residing in diverse regions of the human body. The human stomach consists of a unique and heterogeneous habitat of microbial communities owing to its anatomical and functional characte...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gomez-Ramirez, Uriel, Valencia-Mayoral, Pedro, Mendoza-Elizalde, Sandra, Murillo-Eliosa, Juan Rafael, Solórzano Santos, Fortino, Contreras-Rodríguez, Araceli, Zúñiga, Gerardo, Aguilar-Rodea, Pamela, Jiménez-Rojas, Verónica Leticia, Vigueras Galindo, Juan Carlos, Salazar-García, Marcela, Velázquez-Guadarrama, Norma
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8467233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578235
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091203
Descripción
Sumario:Microbiomes are defined as complex microbial communities, which are mainly composed of bacteria, fungi, and viruses residing in diverse regions of the human body. The human stomach consists of a unique and heterogeneous habitat of microbial communities owing to its anatomical and functional characteristics, that allow the optimal growth of characteristic bacteria in this environment. Gastric dysbiosis, which is defined as compositional and functional alterations of the gastric microbiota, can be induced by multiple environmental factors, such as age, diet, multiple antibiotic therapies, proton pump inhibitor abuse, H. pylori status, among others. Although H. pylori colonization has been reported across the world, chronic H. pylori infection may lead to serious consequences; therefore, the infection must be treated. Multiple antibiotic therapy improvements are not always successful because of the lack of adherence to the prescribed antibiotic treatment. However, the abuse of eradication treatments can generate gastric dysbiotic states. Dysbiosis of the gastric microenvironment induces microbial resilience, due to the loss of relevant commensal bacteria and simultaneous colonization by other pathobiont bacteria, which can generate metabolic and physiological changes or even initiate and develop other gastric disorders by non-H. pylori bacteria. This systematic review opens a discussion on the effects of multiple environmental factors on gastric microbial communities.