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Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The innate antiviral immune response is essential to limit virus replication at early stages of infection, thus preventing viral spread and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, viruses have evolved different strategies to evade innate immune control. In this review, we describe recent finding...

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Autores principales: Palermo, Enrico, Di Carlo, Daniele, Sgarbanti, Marco, Hiscott, John
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8468334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571706
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090829
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author Palermo, Enrico
Di Carlo, Daniele
Sgarbanti, Marco
Hiscott, John
author_facet Palermo, Enrico
Di Carlo, Daniele
Sgarbanti, Marco
Hiscott, John
author_sort Palermo, Enrico
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: The innate antiviral immune response is essential to limit virus replication at early stages of infection, thus preventing viral spread and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, viruses have evolved different strategies to evade innate immune control. In this review, we describe recent findings delineating the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and type I IFN response in vitro and in vivo and report current studies using IFN-based therapy for COVID-19 treatment. ABSTRACT: Among the many activities attributed to the type I interferon (IFN) multigene family, their roles as mediators of the antiviral immune response have emerged as important components of the host response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Viruses likewise have evolved multiple immune evasion strategies to circumvent the host immune response and promote virus propagation and dissemination. Therefore, a thorough characterization of host–virus interactions is essential to understand SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Here, we summarize the virus-mediated evasion of the IFN responses and the viral functions involved, the genetic basis of IFN production in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the progress of clinical trials designed to utilize type I IFN as a potential therapeutic tool.
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spelling pubmed-84683342021-09-27 Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis Palermo, Enrico Di Carlo, Daniele Sgarbanti, Marco Hiscott, John Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: The innate antiviral immune response is essential to limit virus replication at early stages of infection, thus preventing viral spread and pathogenesis. Nevertheless, viruses have evolved different strategies to evade innate immune control. In this review, we describe recent findings delineating the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and type I IFN response in vitro and in vivo and report current studies using IFN-based therapy for COVID-19 treatment. ABSTRACT: Among the many activities attributed to the type I interferon (IFN) multigene family, their roles as mediators of the antiviral immune response have emerged as important components of the host response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Viruses likewise have evolved multiple immune evasion strategies to circumvent the host immune response and promote virus propagation and dissemination. Therefore, a thorough characterization of host–virus interactions is essential to understand SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Here, we summarize the virus-mediated evasion of the IFN responses and the viral functions involved, the genetic basis of IFN production in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the progress of clinical trials designed to utilize type I IFN as a potential therapeutic tool. MDPI 2021-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8468334/ /pubmed/34571706 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090829 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Palermo, Enrico
Di Carlo, Daniele
Sgarbanti, Marco
Hiscott, John
Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title_full Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title_fullStr Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title_short Type I Interferons in COVID-19 Pathogenesis
title_sort type i interferons in covid-19 pathogenesis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8468334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571706
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090829
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