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Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease

Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is characterized by subclinical development or acute...

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Autores principales: Wortmann, Markus, Peters, Andreas S., Erhart, Philipp, Körfer, Daniel, Böckler, Dittmar, Dihlmann, Susanne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8468335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34572082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092433
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author Wortmann, Markus
Peters, Andreas S.
Erhart, Philipp
Körfer, Daniel
Böckler, Dittmar
Dihlmann, Susanne
author_facet Wortmann, Markus
Peters, Andreas S.
Erhart, Philipp
Körfer, Daniel
Böckler, Dittmar
Dihlmann, Susanne
author_sort Wortmann, Markus
collection PubMed
description Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is characterized by subclinical development or acute presentation. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation participates causally in different clinical manifestations of aortic diseases. As of yet, diagnostic imaging and surveillance is mainly based on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Little medical therapy is available so far to prevent or treat the majority of aortic diseases. Endovascular therapy by the introduction of covered stentgrafts provides the main treatment option, although open surgery and implantation of synthetic grafts remain necessary in many situations. Because of the risks associated with surgery, there is a need for identification of pharmaceutical targets interfering with the pathophysiology of aortic remodeling. The participation of innate immunity and inflammasome activation in different cell types is common in aortic diseases. This review will thus focus on inflammasome activities in vascular cells of different chronic and acute aortic diseases and discuss their role in development and progression. We will also identify research gaps and suggest promising therapeutic targets, which may be used for future medical interventions.
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spelling pubmed-84683352021-09-27 Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease Wortmann, Markus Peters, Andreas S. Erhart, Philipp Körfer, Daniel Böckler, Dittmar Dihlmann, Susanne Cells Review Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is characterized by subclinical development or acute presentation. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation participates causally in different clinical manifestations of aortic diseases. As of yet, diagnostic imaging and surveillance is mainly based on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Little medical therapy is available so far to prevent or treat the majority of aortic diseases. Endovascular therapy by the introduction of covered stentgrafts provides the main treatment option, although open surgery and implantation of synthetic grafts remain necessary in many situations. Because of the risks associated with surgery, there is a need for identification of pharmaceutical targets interfering with the pathophysiology of aortic remodeling. The participation of innate immunity and inflammasome activation in different cell types is common in aortic diseases. This review will thus focus on inflammasome activities in vascular cells of different chronic and acute aortic diseases and discuss their role in development and progression. We will also identify research gaps and suggest promising therapeutic targets, which may be used for future medical interventions. MDPI 2021-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8468335/ /pubmed/34572082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092433 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wortmann, Markus
Peters, Andreas S.
Erhart, Philipp
Körfer, Daniel
Böckler, Dittmar
Dihlmann, Susanne
Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title_full Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title_fullStr Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title_full_unstemmed Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title_short Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease
title_sort inflammasomes in the pathophysiology of aortic disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8468335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34572082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092433
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