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Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt

Biological control of plant pathogens, particularly using microbial antagonists, is posited as the most effective, environmentally-safe, and sustainable strategy to manage plant diseases. However, the roles of antagonists in controlling bacterial wilt, a disease caused by the most devastating and wi...

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Autores principales: Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris, Kamutando, Casper Nyaradzai, Maboko, Martin Makgose, Aiyegoro, Olayinka Ayobami, Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091947
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author Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris
Kamutando, Casper Nyaradzai
Maboko, Martin Makgose
Aiyegoro, Olayinka Ayobami
Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti
author_facet Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris
Kamutando, Casper Nyaradzai
Maboko, Martin Makgose
Aiyegoro, Olayinka Ayobami
Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti
author_sort Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris
collection PubMed
description Biological control of plant pathogens, particularly using microbial antagonists, is posited as the most effective, environmentally-safe, and sustainable strategy to manage plant diseases. However, the roles of antagonists in controlling bacterial wilt, a disease caused by the most devastating and widely distributed pathogen of sweet peppers (i.e., R. solanacearum), are poorly understood. Here, amplicon sequencing and several microbial function assays were used to depict the identities and the potential antagonistic functions of bacteria isolated from 80 red and green sweet pepper fruit samples, grown under hydroponic and open soil conditions, with some plants, fungicide-treated while others were untreated. Amplicon sequencing revealed the following bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus strain HRT7.7, Enterobacter hormaechei strain SRU4.4, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain SRT9.1, and Serratia marcescens strain SGT5.3, as potential antagonists of R. solanacearum. Optimization studies with different carbon and nitrogen sources revealed that maximum inhibition of the pathogen was produced at 3% (w/v) starch and 2,5% (w/v) tryptone at pH 7 and 30 °C. The mode of action exhibited by the antagonistic isolates includes the production of lytic enzymes (i.e., cellulase and protease enzymes) and siderophores, as well as solubilization of phosphate. Overall, the results demonstrated that the maximum antimicrobial activity of bacterial antagonists could only be achieved under specific environmental conditions (e.g., available carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature levels), and that bacterial antagonists can also indirectly promote crop growth and development through nutrient cycling and siderophore production.
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spelling pubmed-84691102021-09-27 Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris Kamutando, Casper Nyaradzai Maboko, Martin Makgose Aiyegoro, Olayinka Ayobami Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti Microorganisms Article Biological control of plant pathogens, particularly using microbial antagonists, is posited as the most effective, environmentally-safe, and sustainable strategy to manage plant diseases. However, the roles of antagonists in controlling bacterial wilt, a disease caused by the most devastating and widely distributed pathogen of sweet peppers (i.e., R. solanacearum), are poorly understood. Here, amplicon sequencing and several microbial function assays were used to depict the identities and the potential antagonistic functions of bacteria isolated from 80 red and green sweet pepper fruit samples, grown under hydroponic and open soil conditions, with some plants, fungicide-treated while others were untreated. Amplicon sequencing revealed the following bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus strain HRT7.7, Enterobacter hormaechei strain SRU4.4, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain SRT9.1, and Serratia marcescens strain SGT5.3, as potential antagonists of R. solanacearum. Optimization studies with different carbon and nitrogen sources revealed that maximum inhibition of the pathogen was produced at 3% (w/v) starch and 2,5% (w/v) tryptone at pH 7 and 30 °C. The mode of action exhibited by the antagonistic isolates includes the production of lytic enzymes (i.e., cellulase and protease enzymes) and siderophores, as well as solubilization of phosphate. Overall, the results demonstrated that the maximum antimicrobial activity of bacterial antagonists could only be achieved under specific environmental conditions (e.g., available carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature levels), and that bacterial antagonists can also indirectly promote crop growth and development through nutrient cycling and siderophore production. MDPI 2021-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8469110/ /pubmed/34576842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091947 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris
Kamutando, Casper Nyaradzai
Maboko, Martin Makgose
Aiyegoro, Olayinka Ayobami
Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti
Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title_full Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title_fullStr Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title_full_unstemmed Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title_short Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt
title_sort epiphytic bacteria from sweet pepper antagonistic in vitro to ralstonia solanacearum bd 261, a causative agent of bacterial wilt
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091947
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