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Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization †
Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) sensors are low-cost, low-power, and highly reliable sensors that have been widely used in smart environments. Indoor localization systems can be categorized as wearable and non-wearable systems, where the latter are also known as device-free localization systems. Since t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469548/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34577386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186180 |
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author | Wu, Chia-Ming Chen, Xuan-Ying Wen, Chih-Yu Sethares, William A. |
author_facet | Wu, Chia-Ming Chen, Xuan-Ying Wen, Chih-Yu Sethares, William A. |
author_sort | Wu, Chia-Ming |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) sensors are low-cost, low-power, and highly reliable sensors that have been widely used in smart environments. Indoor localization systems can be categorized as wearable and non-wearable systems, where the latter are also known as device-free localization systems. Since the binary PIR sensor detects only the presence of a human motion in its field of view (FOV) without any other information about the actual location, utilizing the information of overlapping FOV of multiple sensors can be useful for localization. In this study, a PIR detector and sensing signal processing algorithms were designed based on the characteristics of the PIR sensor. We applied the designed PIR detector as a sensor node to create a non-wearable cooperative indoor human localization system. To improve the system performance, signal processing algorithms and refinement schemes (i.e., the Kalman filter, a Transferable Belief Model, and a TBM-based hybrid approach (TBM + Kalman filter)) were applied and compared. Experimental results indicated system stability and improved positioning accuracy, thus providing an indoor cooperative localization framework for PIR sensor networks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8469548 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84695482021-09-27 Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † Wu, Chia-Ming Chen, Xuan-Ying Wen, Chih-Yu Sethares, William A. Sensors (Basel) Article Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) sensors are low-cost, low-power, and highly reliable sensors that have been widely used in smart environments. Indoor localization systems can be categorized as wearable and non-wearable systems, where the latter are also known as device-free localization systems. Since the binary PIR sensor detects only the presence of a human motion in its field of view (FOV) without any other information about the actual location, utilizing the information of overlapping FOV of multiple sensors can be useful for localization. In this study, a PIR detector and sensing signal processing algorithms were designed based on the characteristics of the PIR sensor. We applied the designed PIR detector as a sensor node to create a non-wearable cooperative indoor human localization system. To improve the system performance, signal processing algorithms and refinement schemes (i.e., the Kalman filter, a Transferable Belief Model, and a TBM-based hybrid approach (TBM + Kalman filter)) were applied and compared. Experimental results indicated system stability and improved positioning accuracy, thus providing an indoor cooperative localization framework for PIR sensor networks. MDPI 2021-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8469548/ /pubmed/34577386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186180 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wu, Chia-Ming Chen, Xuan-Ying Wen, Chih-Yu Sethares, William A. Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title | Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title_full | Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title_fullStr | Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title_full_unstemmed | Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title_short | Cooperative Networked PIR Detection System for Indoor Human Localization † |
title_sort | cooperative networked pir detection system for indoor human localization † |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469548/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34577386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186180 |
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