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Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a complex disease that severely affects the biodiversity and economy of Eurasian coniferous forests. Three factors are described as the main elements of the disease: the pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the insect-vector Monochamus spp., and the host tre...

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Autores principales: Vicente, Cláudia S. L., Soares, Miguel, Faria, Jorge M. S., Ramos, Ana P., Inácio, Maria L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7090780
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author Vicente, Cláudia S. L.
Soares, Miguel
Faria, Jorge M. S.
Ramos, Ana P.
Inácio, Maria L.
author_facet Vicente, Cláudia S. L.
Soares, Miguel
Faria, Jorge M. S.
Ramos, Ana P.
Inácio, Maria L.
author_sort Vicente, Cláudia S. L.
collection PubMed
description Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a complex disease that severely affects the biodiversity and economy of Eurasian coniferous forests. Three factors are described as the main elements of the disease: the pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the insect-vector Monochamus spp., and the host tree, mainly Pinus spp. Nonetheless, other microbial interactors have also been considered. The study of mycoflora in PWD dates back the late seventies. Culturomic studies have revealed diverse fungal communities associated with all PWD key players, composed frequently of saprophytic fungi (i.e., Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichoderma) but also of necrotrophic pathogens associated with bark beetles, such as ophiostomatoid or blue-stain fungi. In particular, the ophiostomatoid fungi often recovered from wilted pine trees or insect pupal chambers/tunnels, are considered crucial for nematode multiplication and distribution in the host tree. Naturally occurring mycoflora, reported as possible biocontrol agents of the nematode, are also discussed in this review. This review discloses the contrasting effects of fungal communities in PWD and highlights promising fungal species as sources of PWD biocontrol in the framework of sustainable pest management actions.
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spelling pubmed-84698352021-09-27 Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease Vicente, Cláudia S. L. Soares, Miguel Faria, Jorge M. S. Ramos, Ana P. Inácio, Maria L. J Fungi (Basel) Review Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a complex disease that severely affects the biodiversity and economy of Eurasian coniferous forests. Three factors are described as the main elements of the disease: the pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the insect-vector Monochamus spp., and the host tree, mainly Pinus spp. Nonetheless, other microbial interactors have also been considered. The study of mycoflora in PWD dates back the late seventies. Culturomic studies have revealed diverse fungal communities associated with all PWD key players, composed frequently of saprophytic fungi (i.e., Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichoderma) but also of necrotrophic pathogens associated with bark beetles, such as ophiostomatoid or blue-stain fungi. In particular, the ophiostomatoid fungi often recovered from wilted pine trees or insect pupal chambers/tunnels, are considered crucial for nematode multiplication and distribution in the host tree. Naturally occurring mycoflora, reported as possible biocontrol agents of the nematode, are also discussed in this review. This review discloses the contrasting effects of fungal communities in PWD and highlights promising fungal species as sources of PWD biocontrol in the framework of sustainable pest management actions. MDPI 2021-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8469835/ /pubmed/34575818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7090780 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Vicente, Cláudia S. L.
Soares, Miguel
Faria, Jorge M. S.
Ramos, Ana P.
Inácio, Maria L.
Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title_full Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title_fullStr Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title_full_unstemmed Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title_short Insights into the Role of Fungi in Pine Wilt Disease
title_sort insights into the role of fungi in pine wilt disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7090780
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