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Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring
In recent years, the chemical modification of optical fibers (OFs) has facilitated the manufacture of sensors because OFs can identify several analytes present in aqueous solutions or gas phases. Nevertheless, it is imperative better to understand the chemical interactions in this molecular system t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469905/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34562914 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11090324 |
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author | Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel Lozano-Sotomayor, Paulina Mejía-Benavides, Jorge Emmanuel Díaz-Cervantes, Erik |
author_facet | Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel Lozano-Sotomayor, Paulina Mejía-Benavides, Jorge Emmanuel Díaz-Cervantes, Erik |
author_sort | Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, the chemical modification of optical fibers (OFs) has facilitated the manufacture of sensors because OFs can identify several analytes present in aqueous solutions or gas phases. Nevertheless, it is imperative better to understand the chemical interactions in this molecular system to generate low-cost and efficient sensors. This work presents a theoretical and experimental study of organic polymeric functionalized OF structures and proposes a cost-effective alternative to monitor breathing and humidity. The device is based on silicon optical fibers functionalized with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and alginate. The theoretical analysis is carried out to validate the activation of the silicon dioxide fiber surface; moreover, the APTES–alginate layer is discussed. The computational simulation suggests that water can be absorbed by alginate, specifically by the calcium atom linked to the carboxylic acid group of the alginate. The analysis also demonstrates a higher electrostatic interaction between the water and the OF–APTES–alginate system; this interaction alters the optical fiber activated surface’s refractive index, resulting in transmission power variation. The humidity analysis shows a sensitivity of 3.1288 mV/RH, a time response close to 25 s, and a recovery time around 8 s. These results were achieved in the range of 50 to 95% RH. Moreover, the recovery and response time allow the human breath to be studied. The proposed mechanism or device is competitive with prior works, and the components involved made this sensor a cost-effective alternative for medical applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8469905 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84699052021-09-27 Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel Lozano-Sotomayor, Paulina Mejía-Benavides, Jorge Emmanuel Díaz-Cervantes, Erik Biosensors (Basel) Article In recent years, the chemical modification of optical fibers (OFs) has facilitated the manufacture of sensors because OFs can identify several analytes present in aqueous solutions or gas phases. Nevertheless, it is imperative better to understand the chemical interactions in this molecular system to generate low-cost and efficient sensors. This work presents a theoretical and experimental study of organic polymeric functionalized OF structures and proposes a cost-effective alternative to monitor breathing and humidity. The device is based on silicon optical fibers functionalized with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and alginate. The theoretical analysis is carried out to validate the activation of the silicon dioxide fiber surface; moreover, the APTES–alginate layer is discussed. The computational simulation suggests that water can be absorbed by alginate, specifically by the calcium atom linked to the carboxylic acid group of the alginate. The analysis also demonstrates a higher electrostatic interaction between the water and the OF–APTES–alginate system; this interaction alters the optical fiber activated surface’s refractive index, resulting in transmission power variation. The humidity analysis shows a sensitivity of 3.1288 mV/RH, a time response close to 25 s, and a recovery time around 8 s. These results were achieved in the range of 50 to 95% RH. Moreover, the recovery and response time allow the human breath to be studied. The proposed mechanism or device is competitive with prior works, and the components involved made this sensor a cost-effective alternative for medical applications. MDPI 2021-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8469905/ /pubmed/34562914 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11090324 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jauregui-Vazquez, Daniel Lozano-Sotomayor, Paulina Mejía-Benavides, Jorge Emmanuel Díaz-Cervantes, Erik Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title | Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title_full | Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title_fullStr | Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title_full_unstemmed | Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title_short | Binding Analysis of Functionalized Multimode Optical-Fiber Sandwich-like Structure with Organic Polymer and Its Sensing Application for Humidity and Breath Monitoring |
title_sort | binding analysis of functionalized multimode optical-fiber sandwich-like structure with organic polymer and its sensing application for humidity and breath monitoring |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469905/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34562914 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11090324 |
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