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Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer?
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic subcellular component critical for maintaining cell shape and for elaborating response to any stimulus converging on the cell. Cytoskeleton constantly interfaces with diverse cellular components and affects a wide range of processes important in homeos...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469949/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090913 |
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author | Trono, Paola Tocci, Annalisa Musella, Martina Sistigu, Antonella Nisticò, Paola |
author_facet | Trono, Paola Tocci, Annalisa Musella, Martina Sistigu, Antonella Nisticò, Paola |
author_sort | Trono, Paola |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic subcellular component critical for maintaining cell shape and for elaborating response to any stimulus converging on the cell. Cytoskeleton constantly interfaces with diverse cellular components and affects a wide range of processes important in homeostasis and disease. What has been clearly demonstrated to date is that pathogens modify and use host cytoskeleton to their advantage. What is now emerging is that in sterile conditions, when a chronic inflammation occurs as in cancer, the subversion of tissue homeostasis induces an alarm status which mimics infection. This activates cellular players similar to those that solve an infection, but their persistence may pave the way for tumor progression. Understanding molecular mechanisms engaged by cytoskeleton to induce this viral mimicry could improve our knowledge of processes governing tumor progression and resistance to therapy. ABSTRACT: Chronic viral infection and cancer are closely inter-related and are both characterized by profound alteration of tissue homeostasis. The actin cytoskeleton dynamics highly participate in tissue homeostasis and act as a sensor leading to an immune-mediated anti-cancer and anti-viral response. Herein we highlight the crucial role of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in participating in a viral mimicry activation with profound effect in anti-tumor immune response. This still poorly explored field understands the cytoskeleton dynamics as a platform of complex signaling pathways which may regulate Type I IFN response in cancer. This emerging network needs to be elucidated to identify more effective anti-cancer strategies and to further advance the immuno-oncology field which has revolutionized the cancer treatment. For a progress to occur in this exciting arena we have to shed light on actin cytoskeleton related pathways and immune response. Herein we summarize the major findings, considering the double sword of the immune response and in particular the role of Type I IFN pathways in resistance to anti-cancer treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8469949 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84699492021-09-27 Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? Trono, Paola Tocci, Annalisa Musella, Martina Sistigu, Antonella Nisticò, Paola Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic subcellular component critical for maintaining cell shape and for elaborating response to any stimulus converging on the cell. Cytoskeleton constantly interfaces with diverse cellular components and affects a wide range of processes important in homeostasis and disease. What has been clearly demonstrated to date is that pathogens modify and use host cytoskeleton to their advantage. What is now emerging is that in sterile conditions, when a chronic inflammation occurs as in cancer, the subversion of tissue homeostasis induces an alarm status which mimics infection. This activates cellular players similar to those that solve an infection, but their persistence may pave the way for tumor progression. Understanding molecular mechanisms engaged by cytoskeleton to induce this viral mimicry could improve our knowledge of processes governing tumor progression and resistance to therapy. ABSTRACT: Chronic viral infection and cancer are closely inter-related and are both characterized by profound alteration of tissue homeostasis. The actin cytoskeleton dynamics highly participate in tissue homeostasis and act as a sensor leading to an immune-mediated anti-cancer and anti-viral response. Herein we highlight the crucial role of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in participating in a viral mimicry activation with profound effect in anti-tumor immune response. This still poorly explored field understands the cytoskeleton dynamics as a platform of complex signaling pathways which may regulate Type I IFN response in cancer. This emerging network needs to be elucidated to identify more effective anti-cancer strategies and to further advance the immuno-oncology field which has revolutionized the cancer treatment. For a progress to occur in this exciting arena we have to shed light on actin cytoskeleton related pathways and immune response. Herein we summarize the major findings, considering the double sword of the immune response and in particular the role of Type I IFN pathways in resistance to anti-cancer treatment. MDPI 2021-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8469949/ /pubmed/34571790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090913 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Trono, Paola Tocci, Annalisa Musella, Martina Sistigu, Antonella Nisticò, Paola Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title | Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title_full | Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title_fullStr | Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title_full_unstemmed | Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title_short | Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? |
title_sort | actin cytoskeleton dynamics and type i ifn-mediated immune response: a dangerous liaison in cancer? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469949/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090913 |
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