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The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment

GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including variou...

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Autores principales: Dapash, Mark, Hou, David, Castro, Brandyn, Lee-Chang, Catalina, Lesniak, Maciej S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092257
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author Dapash, Mark
Hou, David
Castro, Brandyn
Lee-Chang, Catalina
Lesniak, Maciej S.
author_facet Dapash, Mark
Hou, David
Castro, Brandyn
Lee-Chang, Catalina
Lesniak, Maciej S.
author_sort Dapash, Mark
collection PubMed
description GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including various immunotherapies. The major challenge lies in understanding and manipulating the complex interplay among the different components within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This interplay varies not only by the type of cells interacting but also by their spatial distribution with the TME. This review highlights the various immune and non-immune components of the tumor microenvironment and their consequences f the efficacy of immunotherapies. Understanding the independent and interdependent aspects of the various sub-populations encapsulated by the immune and non-immune components will allow for more targeted therapies. Meanwhile, understanding how the TME creates and responds to different environmental pressures such as hypoxia may allow for other multimodal approaches in the treatment of GBM. Ultimately, a better understanding of the GBM TME will aid in the development and advancement of more effective treatments and in improving patient outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-84699872021-09-27 The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment Dapash, Mark Hou, David Castro, Brandyn Lee-Chang, Catalina Lesniak, Maciej S. Cells Review GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including various immunotherapies. The major challenge lies in understanding and manipulating the complex interplay among the different components within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This interplay varies not only by the type of cells interacting but also by their spatial distribution with the TME. This review highlights the various immune and non-immune components of the tumor microenvironment and their consequences f the efficacy of immunotherapies. Understanding the independent and interdependent aspects of the various sub-populations encapsulated by the immune and non-immune components will allow for more targeted therapies. Meanwhile, understanding how the TME creates and responds to different environmental pressures such as hypoxia may allow for other multimodal approaches in the treatment of GBM. Ultimately, a better understanding of the GBM TME will aid in the development and advancement of more effective treatments and in improving patient outcomes. MDPI 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8469987/ /pubmed/34571905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092257 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Dapash, Mark
Hou, David
Castro, Brandyn
Lee-Chang, Catalina
Lesniak, Maciej S.
The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title_full The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title_fullStr The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title_full_unstemmed The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title_short The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
title_sort interplay between glioblastoma and its microenvironment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8469987/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34571905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092257
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