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Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 represents a public health emergency, which became even more challenging since the detection of highly transmissible variants and strategies against COVID-19 were indistinctly established. We characterized the temporal viral load kinetics in individuals inf...

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Autores principales: Caputo, Valerio, Termine, Andrea, Fabrizio, Carlo, Calvino, Giulia, Luzzi, Laura, Fusco, Claudia, Ingrascì, Arcangela, Peconi, Cristina, D’Alessio, Rebecca, Mihali, Serena, Trastulli, Giulia, Megalizzi, Domenica, Cascella, Raffaella, Rossini, Angelo, Salvia, Antonino, Strafella, Claudia, Giardina, Emiliano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575659
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090882
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author Caputo, Valerio
Termine, Andrea
Fabrizio, Carlo
Calvino, Giulia
Luzzi, Laura
Fusco, Claudia
Ingrascì, Arcangela
Peconi, Cristina
D’Alessio, Rebecca
Mihali, Serena
Trastulli, Giulia
Megalizzi, Domenica
Cascella, Raffaella
Rossini, Angelo
Salvia, Antonino
Strafella, Claudia
Giardina, Emiliano
author_facet Caputo, Valerio
Termine, Andrea
Fabrizio, Carlo
Calvino, Giulia
Luzzi, Laura
Fusco, Claudia
Ingrascì, Arcangela
Peconi, Cristina
D’Alessio, Rebecca
Mihali, Serena
Trastulli, Giulia
Megalizzi, Domenica
Cascella, Raffaella
Rossini, Angelo
Salvia, Antonino
Strafella, Claudia
Giardina, Emiliano
author_sort Caputo, Valerio
collection PubMed
description The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 represents a public health emergency, which became even more challenging since the detection of highly transmissible variants and strategies against COVID-19 were indistinctly established. We characterized the temporal viral load kinetics in individuals infected by original and variant strains. Naso-oropharyngeal swabs from 33,000 individuals (admitted to the IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Drive-in, healthcare professionals and hospitalized patients who underwent routinary screening) from November 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed. Of them, 1735 subjects were selected and grouped according to the viral strain. Diagnostic analyses were performed by CE-IVD RT-PCR-based kits. The subgenomic-RNA component was assessed in 36 subjects using digital PCR. Infection duration, viral load decay speed, effects of age and sex were assessed and compared by extensive statistical analyses. Overall, infection duration and viral load differed between the groups (p < 0.05). Male sex was more present among both original and variant carriers affected with high viral load and showing fast decay speed, whereas original strain carriers with slow decay speed resulted in older (p < 0.05). Subgenomic-RNA was detected in the positive samples, including those with low viral load. This study provides a picture of the viral load kinetics, identifying individuals with similar patterns and showing differential effects of age and sex, thus providing potentially useful information for personalized management of infected subjects.
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spelling pubmed-84700272021-09-27 Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects Caputo, Valerio Termine, Andrea Fabrizio, Carlo Calvino, Giulia Luzzi, Laura Fusco, Claudia Ingrascì, Arcangela Peconi, Cristina D’Alessio, Rebecca Mihali, Serena Trastulli, Giulia Megalizzi, Domenica Cascella, Raffaella Rossini, Angelo Salvia, Antonino Strafella, Claudia Giardina, Emiliano J Pers Med Article The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 represents a public health emergency, which became even more challenging since the detection of highly transmissible variants and strategies against COVID-19 were indistinctly established. We characterized the temporal viral load kinetics in individuals infected by original and variant strains. Naso-oropharyngeal swabs from 33,000 individuals (admitted to the IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Drive-in, healthcare professionals and hospitalized patients who underwent routinary screening) from November 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed. Of them, 1735 subjects were selected and grouped according to the viral strain. Diagnostic analyses were performed by CE-IVD RT-PCR-based kits. The subgenomic-RNA component was assessed in 36 subjects using digital PCR. Infection duration, viral load decay speed, effects of age and sex were assessed and compared by extensive statistical analyses. Overall, infection duration and viral load differed between the groups (p < 0.05). Male sex was more present among both original and variant carriers affected with high viral load and showing fast decay speed, whereas original strain carriers with slow decay speed resulted in older (p < 0.05). Subgenomic-RNA was detected in the positive samples, including those with low viral load. This study provides a picture of the viral load kinetics, identifying individuals with similar patterns and showing differential effects of age and sex, thus providing potentially useful information for personalized management of infected subjects. MDPI 2021-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8470027/ /pubmed/34575659 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090882 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Caputo, Valerio
Termine, Andrea
Fabrizio, Carlo
Calvino, Giulia
Luzzi, Laura
Fusco, Claudia
Ingrascì, Arcangela
Peconi, Cristina
D’Alessio, Rebecca
Mihali, Serena
Trastulli, Giulia
Megalizzi, Domenica
Cascella, Raffaella
Rossini, Angelo
Salvia, Antonino
Strafella, Claudia
Giardina, Emiliano
Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title_full Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title_fullStr Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title_full_unstemmed Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title_short Age and Sex Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Kinetics: A Longitudinal Analysis of 1735 Subjects
title_sort age and sex modulate sars-cov-2 viral load kinetics: a longitudinal analysis of 1735 subjects
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575659
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090882
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