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Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading killer from a single infectious agent globally. In 2019, Malaysia’s TB incidence rate was 92 per 100,000 population, and the TB mortality rate was estimated at 4 cases per 100,000 population per year. However, the state of Sabah had a higher burden of TB with a notific...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34574665 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189740 |
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author | Avoi, Richard Liaw, Yau Chun |
author_facet | Avoi, Richard Liaw, Yau Chun |
author_sort | Avoi, Richard |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading killer from a single infectious agent globally. In 2019, Malaysia’s TB incidence rate was 92 per 100,000 population, and the TB mortality rate was estimated at 4 cases per 100,000 population per year. However, the state of Sabah had a higher burden of TB with a notification rate of 128 per 100,000 population and a TB case fatality rate of 8% compared to the national figure. This study aims to provide a comprehensive report on TB deaths epidemiology and its associated factors at a sub-national level. This nested case-control study used Sabah State Health Department TB surveillance data from the Malaysia national case-based TB registry (MyTB) between 2014 and 2018. Cases were defined as all-cause TB deaths that occurred before anti-TB treatment completion from the time of TB diagnosis. Controls were randomly selected from TB patients who completed anti-TB treatment. The TB mortality rate had increased significantly from 9.0/100,000 population in 2014 to 11.4/100,000 population in 2018. The majority of TB deaths occurred in the first two months of treatment. TB-related deaths were primarily due to advanced disease or disseminated TB, whereas non-TB-related deaths were primarily due to existing comorbidities. Many important independent risk factors for TB deaths were identified which are useful to address the increasing TB mortality rate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8470141 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84701412021-09-27 Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia Avoi, Richard Liaw, Yau Chun Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading killer from a single infectious agent globally. In 2019, Malaysia’s TB incidence rate was 92 per 100,000 population, and the TB mortality rate was estimated at 4 cases per 100,000 population per year. However, the state of Sabah had a higher burden of TB with a notification rate of 128 per 100,000 population and a TB case fatality rate of 8% compared to the national figure. This study aims to provide a comprehensive report on TB deaths epidemiology and its associated factors at a sub-national level. This nested case-control study used Sabah State Health Department TB surveillance data from the Malaysia national case-based TB registry (MyTB) between 2014 and 2018. Cases were defined as all-cause TB deaths that occurred before anti-TB treatment completion from the time of TB diagnosis. Controls were randomly selected from TB patients who completed anti-TB treatment. The TB mortality rate had increased significantly from 9.0/100,000 population in 2014 to 11.4/100,000 population in 2018. The majority of TB deaths occurred in the first two months of treatment. TB-related deaths were primarily due to advanced disease or disseminated TB, whereas non-TB-related deaths were primarily due to existing comorbidities. Many important independent risk factors for TB deaths were identified which are useful to address the increasing TB mortality rate. MDPI 2021-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8470141/ /pubmed/34574665 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189740 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Avoi, Richard Liaw, Yau Chun Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title | Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full | Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_fullStr | Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full_unstemmed | Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_short | Tuberculosis Death Epidemiology and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_sort | tuberculosis death epidemiology and its associated risk factors in sabah, malaysia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34574665 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189740 |
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