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The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population

Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ, and its excess compromises the immune response and metabolism of hormones and nutrients. Furthermore, the accumulation of visceral fat helps to increase the synthesis of cortisol. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine syste...

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Autores principales: Polito, Rita, Messina, Giovanni, Valenzano, Anna, Scarinci, Alessia, Villano, Ines, Monda, Marcellino, Cibelli, Giuseppe, Porro, Chiara, Pisanelli, Daniela, Monda, Vincenzo, Messina, Antonietta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184230
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author Polito, Rita
Messina, Giovanni
Valenzano, Anna
Scarinci, Alessia
Villano, Ines
Monda, Marcellino
Cibelli, Giuseppe
Porro, Chiara
Pisanelli, Daniela
Monda, Vincenzo
Messina, Antonietta
author_facet Polito, Rita
Messina, Giovanni
Valenzano, Anna
Scarinci, Alessia
Villano, Ines
Monda, Marcellino
Cibelli, Giuseppe
Porro, Chiara
Pisanelli, Daniela
Monda, Vincenzo
Messina, Antonietta
author_sort Polito, Rita
collection PubMed
description Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ, and its excess compromises the immune response and metabolism of hormones and nutrients. Furthermore, the accumulation of visceral fat helps to increase the synthesis of cortisol. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system involved in maintaining homeostasis in humans under physiological conditions and stress, and cortisol is the main hormone of the HPA axis. It is known that a stress-induced diet and cortisol reactivity to acute stress factors may be related to dietary behavior. In obesity, to reduce visceral adipose tissue, caloric restriction is a valid strategy. In light of this fact, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of a commercial dietary ketosis program for weight loss on the sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis, through evaluation of salivary cortisol and GSR levels. Thirty obese subjects were recruited and assessed before and after 8 weeks of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) intervention to evaluate body composition and biochemical parameters. Salivary cortisol levels and GSR significantly decreased after dietary treatment; in addition, body composition and biochemical features were ameliorated. The VLCKD had a short-term positive effect on the SNS and HPA axes regulating salivary cortisol levels. Finally, the effects of the VLCKD on the SNS and HPA axis may lead to more individualized treatment strategies that integrate obesity and stress and support the usefulness of such therapeutic interventions in promoting the reduction of the individual disease burden.
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spelling pubmed-84704862021-09-27 The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population Polito, Rita Messina, Giovanni Valenzano, Anna Scarinci, Alessia Villano, Ines Monda, Marcellino Cibelli, Giuseppe Porro, Chiara Pisanelli, Daniela Monda, Vincenzo Messina, Antonietta J Clin Med Article Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ, and its excess compromises the immune response and metabolism of hormones and nutrients. Furthermore, the accumulation of visceral fat helps to increase the synthesis of cortisol. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system involved in maintaining homeostasis in humans under physiological conditions and stress, and cortisol is the main hormone of the HPA axis. It is known that a stress-induced diet and cortisol reactivity to acute stress factors may be related to dietary behavior. In obesity, to reduce visceral adipose tissue, caloric restriction is a valid strategy. In light of this fact, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of a commercial dietary ketosis program for weight loss on the sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis, through evaluation of salivary cortisol and GSR levels. Thirty obese subjects were recruited and assessed before and after 8 weeks of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) intervention to evaluate body composition and biochemical parameters. Salivary cortisol levels and GSR significantly decreased after dietary treatment; in addition, body composition and biochemical features were ameliorated. The VLCKD had a short-term positive effect on the SNS and HPA axes regulating salivary cortisol levels. Finally, the effects of the VLCKD on the SNS and HPA axis may lead to more individualized treatment strategies that integrate obesity and stress and support the usefulness of such therapeutic interventions in promoting the reduction of the individual disease burden. MDPI 2021-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8470486/ /pubmed/34575351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184230 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Polito, Rita
Messina, Giovanni
Valenzano, Anna
Scarinci, Alessia
Villano, Ines
Monda, Marcellino
Cibelli, Giuseppe
Porro, Chiara
Pisanelli, Daniela
Monda, Vincenzo
Messina, Antonietta
The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title_full The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title_fullStr The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title_short The Role of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Sympathetic Activation through Cortisol Secretion in Male Obese Population
title_sort role of very low calorie ketogenic diet in sympathetic activation through cortisol secretion in male obese population
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470486/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184230
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