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Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children

Background and Objective: It is known that several viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new worldwide spread virus that may act as a trigger for the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells, as well, and thus lead...

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Autores principales: Vlad, Adrian, Serban, Viorel, Timar, Romulus, Sima, Alexandra, Botea, Veronica, Albai, Oana, Timar, Bogdan, Vlad, Mihaela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34577896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090973
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author Vlad, Adrian
Serban, Viorel
Timar, Romulus
Sima, Alexandra
Botea, Veronica
Albai, Oana
Timar, Bogdan
Vlad, Mihaela
author_facet Vlad, Adrian
Serban, Viorel
Timar, Romulus
Sima, Alexandra
Botea, Veronica
Albai, Oana
Timar, Bogdan
Vlad, Mihaela
author_sort Vlad, Adrian
collection PubMed
description Background and Objective: It is known that several viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new worldwide spread virus that may act as a trigger for the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells, as well, and thus lead to an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Material and Methods: The Romanian National Organization for the Protection of Children and Adolescents with Diabetes (ONROCAD) has collected information regarding new cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0 to 14 years from all over the country since 1996 and has computed the incidence of type 1 diabetes in this age group. Results: We observed a marked increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with 16.9%, from 11.4/100,000 in 2019 to 13.3/100,000 in 2020, much higher compared to previous years (mean yearly increase was 5.1% in the period 1996–2015 and 0.8% in the interval 2015–2019). The proportion of newly diagnosed cases was significantly higher in the second half of 2020 compared to the second half of the previous years (57.8 vs. 51%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: All these aspects suggest the role that SARS-CoV-2 could have in triggering pancreatic autoimmunity. To confirm this, however, collecting information from larger populations from different geographical regions, monitoring the incidence curves over a period of several years, and gathering background information on COVID-19 and/or data on COVID-19 specific antibodies are needed.
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spelling pubmed-84709212021-09-27 Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children Vlad, Adrian Serban, Viorel Timar, Romulus Sima, Alexandra Botea, Veronica Albai, Oana Timar, Bogdan Vlad, Mihaela Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and Objective: It is known that several viruses are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new worldwide spread virus that may act as a trigger for the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells, as well, and thus lead to an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Material and Methods: The Romanian National Organization for the Protection of Children and Adolescents with Diabetes (ONROCAD) has collected information regarding new cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0 to 14 years from all over the country since 1996 and has computed the incidence of type 1 diabetes in this age group. Results: We observed a marked increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with 16.9%, from 11.4/100,000 in 2019 to 13.3/100,000 in 2020, much higher compared to previous years (mean yearly increase was 5.1% in the period 1996–2015 and 0.8% in the interval 2015–2019). The proportion of newly diagnosed cases was significantly higher in the second half of 2020 compared to the second half of the previous years (57.8 vs. 51%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: All these aspects suggest the role that SARS-CoV-2 could have in triggering pancreatic autoimmunity. To confirm this, however, collecting information from larger populations from different geographical regions, monitoring the incidence curves over a period of several years, and gathering background information on COVID-19 and/or data on COVID-19 specific antibodies are needed. MDPI 2021-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8470921/ /pubmed/34577896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090973 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vlad, Adrian
Serban, Viorel
Timar, Romulus
Sima, Alexandra
Botea, Veronica
Albai, Oana
Timar, Bogdan
Vlad, Mihaela
Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title_full Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title_fullStr Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title_full_unstemmed Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title_short Increased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian Children
title_sort increased incidence of type 1 diabetes during the covid-19 pandemic in romanian children
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8470921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34577896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090973
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