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HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes

The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; althou...

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Autores principales: Noli, Marta, Meloni, Gianfranco, Manca, Pietro, Cossu, Davide, Palermo, Mario, Sechi, Leonardo A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578167
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135
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author Noli, Marta
Meloni, Gianfranco
Manca, Pietro
Cossu, Davide
Palermo, Mario
Sechi, Leonardo A.
author_facet Noli, Marta
Meloni, Gianfranco
Manca, Pietro
Cossu, Davide
Palermo, Mario
Sechi, Leonardo A.
author_sort Noli, Marta
collection PubMed
description The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; although several epigenetic mechanisms keep most HERVs silenced, environmental stimuli such as infections may contribute to the transcriptional reactivation of HERV-Wand thus promote pathological conditions. Previous studies have indicated that also Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) could be a potential risk factor for T1D, particularly in the Sardinian population. In the present study, the humoral response against HERV-W envelope and MAP-derived peptides was analyzed to investigate their potential role in T1D etiopathogenesis, in a Sardinian population at T1D onset (n = 26), T1D (45) and an age-matched healthy population (n = 45). For the first time, a high serum-prevalence of anti-Map and anti-HERV-W Abs was observed in pediatric patients at onset of T1D compared to T1D patients and healthy controls. Our results support the hypothesis that external infections and internal reactivations are involved in the etiology of T1D, and that HERV-W activation may be induced by infectious agents such as MAP.
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spelling pubmed-84712882021-09-27 HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Noli, Marta Meloni, Gianfranco Manca, Pietro Cossu, Davide Palermo, Mario Sechi, Leonardo A. Pathogens Article The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; although several epigenetic mechanisms keep most HERVs silenced, environmental stimuli such as infections may contribute to the transcriptional reactivation of HERV-Wand thus promote pathological conditions. Previous studies have indicated that also Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) could be a potential risk factor for T1D, particularly in the Sardinian population. In the present study, the humoral response against HERV-W envelope and MAP-derived peptides was analyzed to investigate their potential role in T1D etiopathogenesis, in a Sardinian population at T1D onset (n = 26), T1D (45) and an age-matched healthy population (n = 45). For the first time, a high serum-prevalence of anti-Map and anti-HERV-W Abs was observed in pediatric patients at onset of T1D compared to T1D patients and healthy controls. Our results support the hypothesis that external infections and internal reactivations are involved in the etiology of T1D, and that HERV-W activation may be induced by infectious agents such as MAP. MDPI 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8471288/ /pubmed/34578167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Noli, Marta
Meloni, Gianfranco
Manca, Pietro
Cossu, Davide
Palermo, Mario
Sechi, Leonardo A.
HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title_full HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title_short HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort herv-w and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis are at play in pediatric patients at onset of type 1 diabetes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578167
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135
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