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HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes
The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; althou...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471288/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135 |
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author | Noli, Marta Meloni, Gianfranco Manca, Pietro Cossu, Davide Palermo, Mario Sechi, Leonardo A. |
author_facet | Noli, Marta Meloni, Gianfranco Manca, Pietro Cossu, Davide Palermo, Mario Sechi, Leonardo A. |
author_sort | Noli, Marta |
collection | PubMed |
description | The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; although several epigenetic mechanisms keep most HERVs silenced, environmental stimuli such as infections may contribute to the transcriptional reactivation of HERV-Wand thus promote pathological conditions. Previous studies have indicated that also Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) could be a potential risk factor for T1D, particularly in the Sardinian population. In the present study, the humoral response against HERV-W envelope and MAP-derived peptides was analyzed to investigate their potential role in T1D etiopathogenesis, in a Sardinian population at T1D onset (n = 26), T1D (45) and an age-matched healthy population (n = 45). For the first time, a high serum-prevalence of anti-Map and anti-HERV-W Abs was observed in pediatric patients at onset of T1D compared to T1D patients and healthy controls. Our results support the hypothesis that external infections and internal reactivations are involved in the etiology of T1D, and that HERV-W activation may be induced by infectious agents such as MAP. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8471288 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84712882021-09-27 HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Noli, Marta Meloni, Gianfranco Manca, Pietro Cossu, Davide Palermo, Mario Sechi, Leonardo A. Pathogens Article The etiology of T1D remains unknown, although a variety of etiological agents have been proposed as potential candidates to trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Emerging evidence has indicated that endogenous human retrovirus (HERV) may play a role in the disease etiopathogenesis; although several epigenetic mechanisms keep most HERVs silenced, environmental stimuli such as infections may contribute to the transcriptional reactivation of HERV-Wand thus promote pathological conditions. Previous studies have indicated that also Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) could be a potential risk factor for T1D, particularly in the Sardinian population. In the present study, the humoral response against HERV-W envelope and MAP-derived peptides was analyzed to investigate their potential role in T1D etiopathogenesis, in a Sardinian population at T1D onset (n = 26), T1D (45) and an age-matched healthy population (n = 45). For the first time, a high serum-prevalence of anti-Map and anti-HERV-W Abs was observed in pediatric patients at onset of T1D compared to T1D patients and healthy controls. Our results support the hypothesis that external infections and internal reactivations are involved in the etiology of T1D, and that HERV-W activation may be induced by infectious agents such as MAP. MDPI 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8471288/ /pubmed/34578167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Noli, Marta Meloni, Gianfranco Manca, Pietro Cossu, Davide Palermo, Mario Sechi, Leonardo A. HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title | HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title_full | HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title_fullStr | HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title_full_unstemmed | HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title_short | HERV-W and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Are at Play in Pediatric Patients at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes |
title_sort | herv-w and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis are at play in pediatric patients at onset of type 1 diabetes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471288/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091135 |
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