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Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus

Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, sporadic outbreaks have occurred worldwide, even in highly vaccinated populations. MuV not only cau...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kubota, Marie, Hashiguchi, Takao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471308/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578327
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091746
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author Kubota, Marie
Hashiguchi, Takao
author_facet Kubota, Marie
Hashiguchi, Takao
author_sort Kubota, Marie
collection PubMed
description Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, sporadic outbreaks have occurred worldwide, even in highly vaccinated populations. MuV not only causes systemic infection but also has a unique tropism to glandular tissues and the central nervous system. In general, tropism can be defined by multiple factors in the viral life cycle, including its entry, interaction with host factors, and host-cell immune responses. Although the underlying mechanisms of MuV tropism remain to be fully understood, recent studies on virus–host interactions have provided insights into viral pathogenesis. This review was aimed at summarizing the entry process of MuV by focusing on the glycan receptors, particularly the recently identified receptors with a trisaccharide core motif, and their interactions with the viral attachment proteins. Here, we describe the receptor structures, their distribution in the human body, and the recently identified host factors for MuV and analyze their relationship with MuV tropism.
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spelling pubmed-84713082021-09-27 Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus Kubota, Marie Hashiguchi, Takao Viruses Review Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, sporadic outbreaks have occurred worldwide, even in highly vaccinated populations. MuV not only causes systemic infection but also has a unique tropism to glandular tissues and the central nervous system. In general, tropism can be defined by multiple factors in the viral life cycle, including its entry, interaction with host factors, and host-cell immune responses. Although the underlying mechanisms of MuV tropism remain to be fully understood, recent studies on virus–host interactions have provided insights into viral pathogenesis. This review was aimed at summarizing the entry process of MuV by focusing on the glycan receptors, particularly the recently identified receptors with a trisaccharide core motif, and their interactions with the viral attachment proteins. Here, we describe the receptor structures, their distribution in the human body, and the recently identified host factors for MuV and analyze their relationship with MuV tropism. MDPI 2021-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8471308/ /pubmed/34578327 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091746 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kubota, Marie
Hashiguchi, Takao
Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title_full Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title_fullStr Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title_full_unstemmed Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title_short Unique Tropism and Entry Mechanism of Mumps Virus
title_sort unique tropism and entry mechanism of mumps virus
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471308/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34578327
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091746
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