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The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration

Mechanical/physical stimulations modulate tissue metabolism, and this process involves multiple cellular mechanisms, including the secretion of growth factors and the activation of mechano-physically sensitive kinases. Cells and tissue can be modulated through specific vibration-induced changes in c...

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Autores principales: Lee, Won, Eo, Su-Rak, Choi, Ju-Hye, Kim, Yu-Mi, Nam, Myeong-Hyun, Seo, Young-Kwon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810167
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author Lee, Won
Eo, Su-Rak
Choi, Ju-Hye
Kim, Yu-Mi
Nam, Myeong-Hyun
Seo, Young-Kwon
author_facet Lee, Won
Eo, Su-Rak
Choi, Ju-Hye
Kim, Yu-Mi
Nam, Myeong-Hyun
Seo, Young-Kwon
author_sort Lee, Won
collection PubMed
description Mechanical/physical stimulations modulate tissue metabolism, and this process involves multiple cellular mechanisms, including the secretion of growth factors and the activation of mechano-physically sensitive kinases. Cells and tissue can be modulated through specific vibration-induced changes in cell activity, which depend on the vibration frequency and occur via differential gene expression. However, there are few reports about the effects of medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). In this study, we investigated whether medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration with a frequency of 30, 45, or 100 Hz could affect the osteogenic differentiation of HDPSCs. Their cell morphology changed to a cuboidal shape at 45 Hz and 100 Hz, but the cells in the other groups were elongated. FACS analysis showed decreased CD 73, CD 90, and CD 105 expression at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. Additionally, the proportions of cells in the G0/G1 phase in the control, 30 Hz, 45 Hz, and 100 Hz groups after vibration were 60.7%, 65.9%, 68.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. The mRNA levels of osteogenic-specific markers, including osteonectin, osteocalcin, BMP-2, ALP, and Runx-2, increased at 45 and 100 Hz, and the ALP and calcium content was elevated in the vibration groups compared with those in the control. Additionally, the western blotting results showed that p-ERK, BSP, osteoprotegerin, and osteonectin proteins were upregulated at 45 Hz compared with the other groups. The vibration groups showed higher ALP and calcium content than the control. Vibration, especially at 100 Hz, increased the number of calcified nodes relative to the control group, as evidenced by von Kossa staining. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that type I and III collagen, osteonectin, and osteopontin were upregulated at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. These results suggest that medium magnitude vibration at 45 Hz induces the G0/G1 arrest of HDPSCs through the p-ERK/Runx-2 pathway and can serve as a potent stimulator of differentiation and extracellular matrix production.
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spelling pubmed-84715782021-09-28 The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration Lee, Won Eo, Su-Rak Choi, Ju-Hye Kim, Yu-Mi Nam, Myeong-Hyun Seo, Young-Kwon Int J Mol Sci Article Mechanical/physical stimulations modulate tissue metabolism, and this process involves multiple cellular mechanisms, including the secretion of growth factors and the activation of mechano-physically sensitive kinases. Cells and tissue can be modulated through specific vibration-induced changes in cell activity, which depend on the vibration frequency and occur via differential gene expression. However, there are few reports about the effects of medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). In this study, we investigated whether medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration with a frequency of 30, 45, or 100 Hz could affect the osteogenic differentiation of HDPSCs. Their cell morphology changed to a cuboidal shape at 45 Hz and 100 Hz, but the cells in the other groups were elongated. FACS analysis showed decreased CD 73, CD 90, and CD 105 expression at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. Additionally, the proportions of cells in the G0/G1 phase in the control, 30 Hz, 45 Hz, and 100 Hz groups after vibration were 60.7%, 65.9%, 68.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. The mRNA levels of osteogenic-specific markers, including osteonectin, osteocalcin, BMP-2, ALP, and Runx-2, increased at 45 and 100 Hz, and the ALP and calcium content was elevated in the vibration groups compared with those in the control. Additionally, the western blotting results showed that p-ERK, BSP, osteoprotegerin, and osteonectin proteins were upregulated at 45 Hz compared with the other groups. The vibration groups showed higher ALP and calcium content than the control. Vibration, especially at 100 Hz, increased the number of calcified nodes relative to the control group, as evidenced by von Kossa staining. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that type I and III collagen, osteonectin, and osteopontin were upregulated at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. These results suggest that medium magnitude vibration at 45 Hz induces the G0/G1 arrest of HDPSCs through the p-ERK/Runx-2 pathway and can serve as a potent stimulator of differentiation and extracellular matrix production. MDPI 2021-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8471578/ /pubmed/34576330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810167 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Won
Eo, Su-Rak
Choi, Ju-Hye
Kim, Yu-Mi
Nam, Myeong-Hyun
Seo, Young-Kwon
The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title_full The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title_fullStr The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title_full_unstemmed The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title_short The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration
title_sort osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through g0/g1 arrest and the p-erk/runx-2 pathway by sonic vibration
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810167
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