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Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including in...

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Autores principales: Kućmierz, Joanna, Frąk, Weronika, Młynarska, Ewelina, Franczyk, Beata, Rysz, Jacek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575833
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669
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author Kućmierz, Joanna
Frąk, Weronika
Młynarska, Ewelina
Franczyk, Beata
Rysz, Jacek
author_facet Kućmierz, Joanna
Frąk, Weronika
Młynarska, Ewelina
Franczyk, Beata
Rysz, Jacek
author_sort Kućmierz, Joanna
collection PubMed
description Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress and inflammation. The heart, kidney, brain, retina and arterial blood vessels are prime targets of hypertensive damage. Uncontrolled and untreated AH accelerates the damage to these organs and could cause their failure. Damage to these organs could also manifest as coronary heart disease, cognitive impairment, retinopathy or optic neuropathy. For better understanding, it is important to analyze molecular factors which take part in pathogenesis of AH and hypertension-related target organ damage. In our paper, we would like to focus on molecular interactions of AH in the heart, blood vessels, brain and kidneys. We focus on matrix metalloproteinases, the role of immune system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress in hypertensive induced organ damage.
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spelling pubmed-84715982021-09-28 Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs Kućmierz, Joanna Frąk, Weronika Młynarska, Ewelina Franczyk, Beata Rysz, Jacek Int J Mol Sci Review Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress and inflammation. The heart, kidney, brain, retina and arterial blood vessels are prime targets of hypertensive damage. Uncontrolled and untreated AH accelerates the damage to these organs and could cause their failure. Damage to these organs could also manifest as coronary heart disease, cognitive impairment, retinopathy or optic neuropathy. For better understanding, it is important to analyze molecular factors which take part in pathogenesis of AH and hypertension-related target organ damage. In our paper, we would like to focus on molecular interactions of AH in the heart, blood vessels, brain and kidneys. We focus on matrix metalloproteinases, the role of immune system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress in hypertensive induced organ damage. MDPI 2021-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8471598/ /pubmed/34575833 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kućmierz, Joanna
Frąk, Weronika
Młynarska, Ewelina
Franczyk, Beata
Rysz, Jacek
Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title_full Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title_fullStr Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title_short Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
title_sort molecular interactions of arterial hypertension in its target organs
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575833
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669
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