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Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs
Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including in...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471598/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575833 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669 |
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author | Kućmierz, Joanna Frąk, Weronika Młynarska, Ewelina Franczyk, Beata Rysz, Jacek |
author_facet | Kućmierz, Joanna Frąk, Weronika Młynarska, Ewelina Franczyk, Beata Rysz, Jacek |
author_sort | Kućmierz, Joanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress and inflammation. The heart, kidney, brain, retina and arterial blood vessels are prime targets of hypertensive damage. Uncontrolled and untreated AH accelerates the damage to these organs and could cause their failure. Damage to these organs could also manifest as coronary heart disease, cognitive impairment, retinopathy or optic neuropathy. For better understanding, it is important to analyze molecular factors which take part in pathogenesis of AH and hypertension-related target organ damage. In our paper, we would like to focus on molecular interactions of AH in the heart, blood vessels, brain and kidneys. We focus on matrix metalloproteinases, the role of immune system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress in hypertensive induced organ damage. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8471598 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84715982021-09-28 Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs Kućmierz, Joanna Frąk, Weronika Młynarska, Ewelina Franczyk, Beata Rysz, Jacek Int J Mol Sci Review Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is estimated that the disease affects between 10% and 20% of the adult population and is responsible for 5.8% of all deaths worldwide. Several pathophysiologic factors are crucial in AH, including inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress and inflammation. The heart, kidney, brain, retina and arterial blood vessels are prime targets of hypertensive damage. Uncontrolled and untreated AH accelerates the damage to these organs and could cause their failure. Damage to these organs could also manifest as coronary heart disease, cognitive impairment, retinopathy or optic neuropathy. For better understanding, it is important to analyze molecular factors which take part in pathogenesis of AH and hypertension-related target organ damage. In our paper, we would like to focus on molecular interactions of AH in the heart, blood vessels, brain and kidneys. We focus on matrix metalloproteinases, the role of immune system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress in hypertensive induced organ damage. MDPI 2021-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8471598/ /pubmed/34575833 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kućmierz, Joanna Frąk, Weronika Młynarska, Ewelina Franczyk, Beata Rysz, Jacek Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title | Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title_full | Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title_fullStr | Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title_short | Molecular Interactions of Arterial Hypertension in Its Target Organs |
title_sort | molecular interactions of arterial hypertension in its target organs |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471598/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34575833 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189669 |
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