Cargando…

Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is currently the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, burdening about 10 million elderly individuals worldwide. The multifactorial nature of PD poses a difficult obstacle for understanding the mechanisms involved in its onset and progression. Currently,...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce, Schaan, Ana Paula, Cavalcante, Giovanna C., Sena-dos-Santos, Camille, de Souza, Tatiane Piedade, Souza Port’s, Natacha M., dos Santos Pinheiro, Jhully Azevedo, Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea, Vidal, Amanda F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189839
_version_ 1784574509352747008
author Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce
Schaan, Ana Paula
Cavalcante, Giovanna C.
Sena-dos-Santos, Camille
de Souza, Tatiane Piedade
Souza Port’s, Natacha M.
dos Santos Pinheiro, Jhully Azevedo
Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea
Vidal, Amanda F.
author_facet Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce
Schaan, Ana Paula
Cavalcante, Giovanna C.
Sena-dos-Santos, Camille
de Souza, Tatiane Piedade
Souza Port’s, Natacha M.
dos Santos Pinheiro, Jhully Azevedo
Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea
Vidal, Amanda F.
author_sort Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce
collection PubMed
description Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is currently the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, burdening about 10 million elderly individuals worldwide. The multifactorial nature of PD poses a difficult obstacle for understanding the mechanisms involved in its onset and progression. Currently, diagnosis depends on the appearance of clinical signs, some of which are shared among various neurologic disorders, hindering early diagnosis. There are no effective tools to prevent PD onset, detect the disease in early stages or accurately report the risk of disease progression. Hence, there is an increasing demand for biomarkers that may identify disease onset and progression, as treatment-based medicine may not be the best approach for PD. Over the last few decades, the search for molecular markers to predict susceptibility, aid in accurate diagnosis and evaluate the progress of PD have intensified, but strategies aimed to improve individualized patient care have not yet been established. Conclusions: Genomic variation, regulation by epigenomic mechanisms, as well as the influence of the host gut microbiome seem to have a crucial role in the onset and progress of PD, thus are considered potential biomarkers. As such, the human nuclear and mitochondrial genome, epigenome, and the host gut microbiome might be the key elements to the rise of personalized medicine for PD patients.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8471599
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84715992021-09-28 Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce Schaan, Ana Paula Cavalcante, Giovanna C. Sena-dos-Santos, Camille de Souza, Tatiane Piedade Souza Port’s, Natacha M. dos Santos Pinheiro, Jhully Azevedo Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea Vidal, Amanda F. Int J Mol Sci Review Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is currently the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, burdening about 10 million elderly individuals worldwide. The multifactorial nature of PD poses a difficult obstacle for understanding the mechanisms involved in its onset and progression. Currently, diagnosis depends on the appearance of clinical signs, some of which are shared among various neurologic disorders, hindering early diagnosis. There are no effective tools to prevent PD onset, detect the disease in early stages or accurately report the risk of disease progression. Hence, there is an increasing demand for biomarkers that may identify disease onset and progression, as treatment-based medicine may not be the best approach for PD. Over the last few decades, the search for molecular markers to predict susceptibility, aid in accurate diagnosis and evaluate the progress of PD have intensified, but strategies aimed to improve individualized patient care have not yet been established. Conclusions: Genomic variation, regulation by epigenomic mechanisms, as well as the influence of the host gut microbiome seem to have a crucial role in the onset and progress of PD, thus are considered potential biomarkers. As such, the human nuclear and mitochondrial genome, epigenome, and the host gut microbiome might be the key elements to the rise of personalized medicine for PD patients. MDPI 2021-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8471599/ /pubmed/34576000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189839 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce
Schaan, Ana Paula
Cavalcante, Giovanna C.
Sena-dos-Santos, Camille
de Souza, Tatiane Piedade
Souza Port’s, Natacha M.
dos Santos Pinheiro, Jhully Azevedo
Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea
Vidal, Amanda F.
Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title_full Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title_fullStr Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title_short Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genome, Epigenome and Gut Microbiome: Emerging Molecular Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease
title_sort nuclear and mitochondrial genome, epigenome and gut microbiome: emerging molecular biomarkers for parkinson’s disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189839
work_keys_str_mv AT fonsecacabralgleyce nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT schaananapaula nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT cavalcantegiovannac nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT senadossantoscamille nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT desouzatatianepiedade nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT souzaportsnatacham nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT dossantospinheirojhullyazevedo nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT ribeirodossantosandrea nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease
AT vidalamandaf nuclearandmitochondrialgenomeepigenomeandgutmicrobiomeemergingmolecularbiomarkersforparkinsonsdisease