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Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada

Monitoring antimicrobial usage (AMU) in dairy cattle is becoming common in a growing number of countries, with the ultimate goal to improve practices, reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance, and protect human health. However, antimicrobials delivered as feed additives can be missed by so...

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Autores principales: Lardé, Hélène, Francoz, David, Roy, Jean-Philippe, Archambault, Marie, Massé, Jonathan, Paradis, Marie-Ève, Dufour, Simon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576729
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091834
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author Lardé, Hélène
Francoz, David
Roy, Jean-Philippe
Archambault, Marie
Massé, Jonathan
Paradis, Marie-Ève
Dufour, Simon
author_facet Lardé, Hélène
Francoz, David
Roy, Jean-Philippe
Archambault, Marie
Massé, Jonathan
Paradis, Marie-Ève
Dufour, Simon
author_sort Lardé, Hélène
collection PubMed
description Monitoring antimicrobial usage (AMU) in dairy cattle is becoming common in a growing number of countries, with the ultimate goal to improve practices, reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance, and protect human health. However, antimicrobials delivered as feed additives can be missed by some of the quantification methods usually implemented. Our objective was to compare three methods of quantification of in-feed AMU in Québec dairy herds. We recruited 101 dairy producers for one year in the Québec province. Quantities of antimicrobials were calculated by farm from: (1) feed mills invoices (reference method); (2) veterinary prescriptions; and (3) information collected during an in-person interview of each producer. We standardized AMU rates in kilograms per 100 cow-years and compared the reference method to both alternative methods using concordance correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. Antimicrobial usage was well estimated by veterinary prescriptions (concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.66) or by the approximation using producer’s data (CCC = 0.73) when compared with actual deliveries by feed mills. Users of medically important antimicrobials for human medicine (less than 10% of the farms) were easily identified using veterinary prescriptions. Given that veterinary prescriptions were mostly electronic (90%), this method could be integrated as part of a monitoring system in Québec.
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spelling pubmed-84716532021-09-28 Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada Lardé, Hélène Francoz, David Roy, Jean-Philippe Archambault, Marie Massé, Jonathan Paradis, Marie-Ève Dufour, Simon Microorganisms Article Monitoring antimicrobial usage (AMU) in dairy cattle is becoming common in a growing number of countries, with the ultimate goal to improve practices, reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance, and protect human health. However, antimicrobials delivered as feed additives can be missed by some of the quantification methods usually implemented. Our objective was to compare three methods of quantification of in-feed AMU in Québec dairy herds. We recruited 101 dairy producers for one year in the Québec province. Quantities of antimicrobials were calculated by farm from: (1) feed mills invoices (reference method); (2) veterinary prescriptions; and (3) information collected during an in-person interview of each producer. We standardized AMU rates in kilograms per 100 cow-years and compared the reference method to both alternative methods using concordance correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. Antimicrobial usage was well estimated by veterinary prescriptions (concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.66) or by the approximation using producer’s data (CCC = 0.73) when compared with actual deliveries by feed mills. Users of medically important antimicrobials for human medicine (less than 10% of the farms) were easily identified using veterinary prescriptions. Given that veterinary prescriptions were mostly electronic (90%), this method could be integrated as part of a monitoring system in Québec. MDPI 2021-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8471653/ /pubmed/34576729 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091834 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lardé, Hélène
Francoz, David
Roy, Jean-Philippe
Archambault, Marie
Massé, Jonathan
Paradis, Marie-Ève
Dufour, Simon
Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title_full Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title_fullStr Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title_short Comparison of Quantification Methods to Estimate Farm-Level Usage of Antimicrobials in Medicated Feed in Dairy Farms from Québec, Canada
title_sort comparison of quantification methods to estimate farm-level usage of antimicrobials in medicated feed in dairy farms from québec, canada
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576729
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091834
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