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Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants

This study aimed to develop printable calcium magnesium phosphate pastes that harden by immersion in ammonium phosphate solution post-printing. Besides the main mineral compound, biocompatible ceramic, magnesium oxide and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) were the crucial components. Two pastes wi...

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Autores principales: Götz, Lisa-Marie, Holeczek, Katharina, Groll, Jürgen, Jüngst, Tomasz, Gbureck, Uwe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576421
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185197
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author Götz, Lisa-Marie
Holeczek, Katharina
Groll, Jürgen
Jüngst, Tomasz
Gbureck, Uwe
author_facet Götz, Lisa-Marie
Holeczek, Katharina
Groll, Jürgen
Jüngst, Tomasz
Gbureck, Uwe
author_sort Götz, Lisa-Marie
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to develop printable calcium magnesium phosphate pastes that harden by immersion in ammonium phosphate solution post-printing. Besides the main mineral compound, biocompatible ceramic, magnesium oxide and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) were the crucial components. Two pastes with different powder to liquid ratios of 1.35 g/mL and 1.93 g/mL were characterized regarding their rheological properties. Here, ageing over the course of 24 h showed an increase in viscosity and extrusion force, which was attributed to structural changes in HPMC as well as the formation of magnesium hydroxide by hydration of MgO. The pastes enabled printing of porous scaffolds with good dimensional stability and enabled a setting reaction to struvite when immersed in ammonium phosphate solution. Mechanical performance under compression was approx. 8–20 MPa as a monolithic structure and 1.6–3.0 MPa for printed macroporous scaffolds, depending on parameters such as powder to liquid ratio, ageing time, strand thickness and distance.
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spelling pubmed-84720492021-09-28 Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants Götz, Lisa-Marie Holeczek, Katharina Groll, Jürgen Jüngst, Tomasz Gbureck, Uwe Materials (Basel) Article This study aimed to develop printable calcium magnesium phosphate pastes that harden by immersion in ammonium phosphate solution post-printing. Besides the main mineral compound, biocompatible ceramic, magnesium oxide and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) were the crucial components. Two pastes with different powder to liquid ratios of 1.35 g/mL and 1.93 g/mL were characterized regarding their rheological properties. Here, ageing over the course of 24 h showed an increase in viscosity and extrusion force, which was attributed to structural changes in HPMC as well as the formation of magnesium hydroxide by hydration of MgO. The pastes enabled printing of porous scaffolds with good dimensional stability and enabled a setting reaction to struvite when immersed in ammonium phosphate solution. Mechanical performance under compression was approx. 8–20 MPa as a monolithic structure and 1.6–3.0 MPa for printed macroporous scaffolds, depending on parameters such as powder to liquid ratio, ageing time, strand thickness and distance. MDPI 2021-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8472049/ /pubmed/34576421 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185197 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Götz, Lisa-Marie
Holeczek, Katharina
Groll, Jürgen
Jüngst, Tomasz
Gbureck, Uwe
Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title_full Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title_fullStr Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title_full_unstemmed Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title_short Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes for Degradable Bone Implants
title_sort extrusion-based 3d printing of calcium magnesium phosphate cement pastes for degradable bone implants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576421
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185197
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